Class 10 Science Notes: Syllabus, Chapter-Wise Important Topics & NCERT Solutions

Class 10 Science Notes include the latest syllabus of class 10 science, chapter-wise notes on important topics, and NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science of all the chapters included in the Class 10 Syllabus. The article also contains important links that will help students prepare for board exams.

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Class 10 Science Syllabus

Class 10 science syllabus consists of 13 chapters divided into 5 units. The distribution of marks for each unit is given in the table below:

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Class 10 Science Notes

Chapter-wise notes on important topics of all the chapters are given below:

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Chapter 1 - Chemical Reactions and Equations

This chapter deals with the basic ideas of chemical reactions and their formulas. It also includes related topics like- Endothermic reactions, Exothermic reactions. Some important topics from the chapter are given below-

• Chemical Reactions
• Balanced Chemical Equations
• Decomposition Reaction
• Displacement Reaction
• Oxidation and Reduction
• Rancidity

Expected weightage - 5 Marks

Also Check: 

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Chapter 2 - Acids, Bases and Salts

In this chapter a detailed chapter related to Acids, Bases and Salts. This chapter also includes related studies like- Properties of acids, Indicators. Some important topics from the chapter are given below:

• Importance of pH in everyday life
• Difference Between Acid and Base
• Properties of Bases
• Base Meaning
• Weak Base
• Difference Between Baking Soda and Baking Powder
• Dipole Moment

Expected weightage - 3 Marks

Also Check: 

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Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-Metals

This chapter explained the con concepts of metals and non-metals in details. In this chapter basic concept of metallurgy is also introduced. Some important topics from the chapter are mentioned below:

• Physical Properties of Metals and Non-Metals
• Non-Metals
• Occurrence of Metals
• Refining of Metals
• Metallurgy
• Metals and Non-Metals Formula and Equation

Expected weightage - 7 Marks

Also Check: 

Chapter 4 - Carbon and Its Compounds

Though the students have core knowledges of Carbon previously, this chapter will help them to understand the fundamental concepts of carbon compounds along with the ideas of Isomerism and Types of Alcohols. Some important topics from the chapter are:

• Versatile Nature of Carbon
• Soaps and Detergents
• Organic Compounds
• Combustion Reaction
• Tetravalency of Carbon
• Chemical Properties of Carbon Compounds

Expected weightage - 5 Marks

Also Check: 

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Chapter 5 - Periodic Classification of Elements

The concept of Modern Periodic table had already been introduced to the students. Hence, this chapter includes further studies like- Newlands’ Law of Octaves and Electromeric Effect. Some important topics from the chapter are mentioned here:

• Periodic Classification of Elements
• First 20 Elements of Periodic Table

Also Check: 

Note: Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of Elements is not included in the Board Examination Syllabus for 2022 - 2023.

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Chapter 6 - Life Processes

In this chapter the basic ideas of life processes are discussed including the core ideas of- Blood Pressure Symptoms, Blood, Hypertension, and Blood Pressure Test. Some important topics from the chapter are given below:

• Autotrophic Nutrition
• Heterotrophic Nutrition
• Nutrition in Human Beings
• Transportation in Plants
• Excretion
• Excretion in Plants
• Excretion in Human Beings
• Transportation in Human Beings

Expected weightage - 7 Marks

Also Check: 

Chapter 7 - Control and Coordination

This chapter can be considered as an in depth study of the neural control and coordination. It includes both- plants and human neural system. Some important topics from the chapter are mentioned here:

• Tropism in Plants
• Movement Due to Growth in Plants
• Types of Reflexes
• Hormones in Animals

Expected weightage - 5 Marks

Also Check: NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7

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Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?

The basic ideas of Reproduction had been introduced in prevouls classes. Therefore, this chapter can be considered as an in depth study that includes topics like- Vegetative Propagation, , etc.  Important topics from the chapter are given below:

• Fragmentation
• Regeneration
• Sexual Reproduction
• Female Reproductive System
• Tissue Culture
• Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
• Reproductive Health

Expected weightage - 10 Marks

Additional Resources: 

Chapter 9 - Heredity and Evolution

This chapter is all about heredity and evolution, it also icludes various related ideas like Dominant Traits. Here are the important topics from the chapter- 

• Heredity
• Mendel’s Contributions
• Sex Determination
• Difference Between Dominant and Recessive Traits

Expected weightage - 3 Marks

Also Check: 

Chapter 10 - Light - Reflection and Refraction

This chapter is related to the physics part of the science syllabus and includes fundamental ideas of light- reflection and refraction along with Laws Of Reflection, The Refractive Index​, Power of a Lens and Reflection of Light. Some important topics from the chapter are mentioned below:

• Difference Between Reflection and Refraction
• Refraction
• Total Internal Reflection
• Refraction at Spherical Surfaces
• Refraction through a Prism
• Dispersion of Light by Prism
• Refractive Index Formula

Expected weightage  - 7 Marks

Also Check: 

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Chapter 11 - Human Eye and Colourful World

This chapter can be considered as an extensive study of the previous chapter. It also includes- Colour of the sun at Sunrise and Sunset. Some important topics from the chapter can be found below:

• Human Eye
• Scattering of Light
• Tyndall Effect
• Myopia
• Hypermetropia
• The Human Eye and the Colourful World Formula

Expected weightage - 5 Marks

Also Check: 

Chapter 12 - Electricity

This chapter is also from the Physics related topics and it deals with the core concepts of Electricity along with it’s relatted topics. Important topics from the chapter can be found below:

• Electric Current and Circuit
• Ohm’s Law
• Resistance
• Resistivity of Materials
• Resistors in Series
• Resistors in Parallel
• Heating Effect of Electric Current

Expected weightage - 8 Marks

Also Check: 

Chapter 13 - Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

This chapter can be condsiderd as an extensive study of the previous chapter as it explains the fundamental ideas of magnetic effect on electric current. Some important topics from the chapter are given below:

• Electric Motor
• Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
• Magnetic Fields and Field Lines

Expected weightage - 5 Marks

Also Check: 

Chapter 14 - Sources of Energy

This chapter deals with the basic studies related to the various  sources of energy. Some important topics from the chapter are given below:

• Renewable Energy
• Non-Renewable Energy
• Non-Conventional Source of Energy

Also Check: NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 14

Note: Class 10 Chapter 14 Sources of Energy is not included in the Class 10 Science 2022-2023 Board Examination syllabus.

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Chapter 15 - Our Environment

In this chapter the fundamental ideas about our envioronment uis discussed with other related topics. Some important topics from the chapter are mentioned below:

• Components of Ecosystem
• Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Substances
• Ozone Layer Depletion

Expected weightage - 3 Marks

Also Check: NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15

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Chapter 16 - Management of Natural Resources

This Chapter can be considered as an extentive part of the previous chapter as it deals with the management of natural resources. Some important topics from the chapter are given below:

• Natural Resource Management
• What is Groundwater?

Also Check: NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 16

Note: Management of Natural Resources is not included in the Board Examination Syllabus for the 2022-2023 session.

Check Also: CBSE Class 10th Registration 2022

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Class 10th Science Guide

The following books can be considered for preparation for science board examination:

• Science Textbook for Class 10 - NCERT Publication
• Exemplar Problems Class 10 - NCERT Publication
• Science for 10th Class (Physics/Chemistry/Biology) - Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur
• Together with Science Study Material for Class 10 - Rachna Sagar Pvt. Ltd.

Also Have A Look at Other Important Links For Class 10: