Content Curator | Updated On - Sep 4, 2024
ISC Class 12 Geography subject will have two papers. Paper 1 is for a theory exam consisting of 70 marks and paper 2 is for practical and project work for a total of 30 marks. The ISC Class 12 Geography syllabus includes Physical Environment, Population and Human Settlements, Resources of India and Their Utilisation, Infrastructural Resources, Industries, Regional Economic Development, and Map Work. Also Check ISC Class 12 Registration 2023
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ISC Class 12 Geography Chapter-Wise Topics
Revised ISC Class 12 geography syllabus 2023-2024 contains 7 major chapters covering India in the world’s context. Chapter-wise topics are given below in detail.
Check ISC class 12 syllabus 2023-24
Chapter 1: Physical Environment
Chapter 1 of the ISC Class 12 Geography subject covers the topics related to extent, position concerning latitude and longitude, length of coastline, the locational advantages of the country, and size and area of various regions. Below are the sub-sections included in chapter 1 - Physical Environment:
- Locational setting - India
- Structure of India: It includes the sub-topics like Geological Evolution and Structure, Himalayan Mountain Complex: (orthoclinal structure), Indus-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plains, The Peninsular Plateau,Coastal Plains, Islands, and Drainage systems.
- Climate: It covers topics related to the Indian climate and factors affecting the climate of India including the temperature, oscillations, atmospheric pressure, floods, droughts, seasons of India, etc.
- Natural vegetation: Here, topics like forest areas, national forest policy, and the importance of forests are covered.
Chapter 2: Population and Human settlements
This chapter covers the pattern of population growth, migration, and distribution in various areas of the country. Here are some of the major topics of Chapter 2:
- Population of India compared to six countries: In this section, the Indian population in comparison with 6 countries-China, Australia, the USA, Canada, Russia and Brazil is included.
- National and State level patterns of population distribution: The distribution of population in different landforms is covered under this topic.
- Pattern of population growth in the last three decades; implications for development
- Migration trends over the last 25 years
- Demographic attributes at the National level
- Rural settlements –Types and patterns in hill areas, plains and coastal locations
- Urban settlements
Chapter 3: Resources of India and their Utilisation
The major topics of the Chapter 3 are given below:
- Need for environmental management vis-à-àvis development
- Land resources
- Water resources and types of irrigation
- Agriculture: Types, development and problems
- Fishing in India
- Sources of Energy
Chapter 4: Infrastructural Resources
The major topics covered in the Chapter 4 are:
- Development of Transport: Railways, Roadways, Water transport (inland and coastal), Air transport, Pipelines.
- Communication: The importance of communication in rural development and its policy is included along with the importance of infrastructure as key to the development of an industrial economy.
Chapter-5: Industries
Chapter 5 includes the study of various industries across India. The major topics discussed in this chapter are given below:
- Study of the location and distribution of important industrial centres
- Major industrial regions and factors governing their growth
- Agro based industries
- Mineral based industries
- Tourism industry
Chapter 6: Regional Economic Development
This Chapter deals with the case studies regarding the Regional Economic Development topic:
- Case studies:
- Area development in Chhattisgarh region – mining, silk industry and farming.
- Electronics industry in Bengaluru– reasons for its development, extent, national and international linkages and problems.
- Growth of Haldia port, its industries and hinterland.
Chapter 7: Map Work
The Chapter 7 of the ISC Class 12 Geography subject deals with map work. Candidates will be asked to locate items studied in chapters 1 to 6. It can be to locate mountains and plains, plateaus, peninsulas, lakes, waterbodies, identification of population, locational setting of Indian Industries etc.
ISC Class 12 Geography Practical Syllabus
A practical assessment will be done for the ISC Class 12 Geography subject based on the following practical and project work along with the viva voce.
Practical Work
Any two of the following topics can be undertaken for ISC Class 12 Geography practical work
- Drawing of scales and cross-section
- Understanding and illustrating location references of SOI maps
- Map reading and interpretation of survey of India maps
- Introduction to Geographic Information System
- Colour significance and comparison of true and false colour
- Elementary principles of surveying an area
Project Work (Assignment)
For an assignment, a local field survey of any one of the following is required to be submitted.
- Agricultural land use survey
- Household survey of about 30-60 households in a village or locality
- Amenity study
- Study of a manufacturing industry or a self-employed person
- Area development of a multipurpose river valley project
ISC Class 12 Geography Question Paper Pattern
The ISC Class 12 Geography subject contains two papers- theory and practical which carry 70 and 30 marks, respectively. The theory exam will last for 3 hours and will have subjective questions.
Exam Pattern for Paper 1 – Theory:
The paper will consist of three sections A, B and C, and all are compulsory to attempt. Only sections B and C will have a choice between questions.
Section A: Objective / very short answer questions carrying 14 marks.
Section B: Short answer questions of 28 marks for 7 questions.
Section C: Long answer questions carrying 28 marks for 4 questions.
Exam Pattern: Paper 2 – Practicals:
Paper 2 carries 30 marks for practical work with marks distribution as follows.
- Practical File (Sessional Record)- 10 marks
- Assignment (project report) - 10 marks
- Viva voce- 10 marks
How to Download ISC Class 12 Geography 2023-2024 Specimen Question Paper?
The ISC Class 12 Geography specimen papers are available on their official website. Here are the steps to download the specimen question paper for the Class 12 Geography subject.
Step 1: Go to the official website of CISCE at www. Cisce.org
Step 2: Click on the Examination tab located on the top section of the homepage.
Step 3: Select ISC Examinations.
Step 4: Scroll down and click on the 2024 ISC Specimen Paper.
Step 5: Click on the subject name (here, Geography) to get the PDF of the specimen question paper.
ISC Class 12 Geography Books
Students can refer to the following books for the ISC class 12 Geography exam preparation:
| Book Name | Author/ Publisher |
|---|---|
| ISC Geography for Class 12 | D.R. Khullar |
| Oswaal Question Bank Class 12 Geography Book | Oswaal |
ISC Class 12 Geography Syllabus: Preparation Tips
Here are some key preparation tips the candidates must follow to ace the ISC Class 12 Geography exam:
- Make a proper study timetable and follow it accurately.
- Understand the ISC Class 12 Geography syllabus and cover all the topics.
- Revise the studied topics on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis.
- Practice previous year's question papers and model papers to familiarize with the question paper pattern.
Frequently Asked Questions
Ques. What are the minimum passing marks to qualify ISC class 12 exam?
Ans. ISC class 12 exams have criteria of 33% passing marks in every subject and 33% aggregate marks. If any candidate obtains 33% aggregate marks but below 33% in a subject then the candidate has to appear for the compartmental exam for that particular subject(s).
Ques. What are the important sub-topics covered under the Structure of India topic of the first unit?
Ans. The important sub-topics covered under the Structure of India topic of the first unit are Geological Evolution and Structure, Himalayan Mountain Complex: (orthoclinal structure), Indus-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plains, The Peninsular Plateau, Coastal Plains, Islands, and Drainage systems.
Ques. By which mode will the ISC Class 12 practical exam be conducted?
Ans. For The ISC Class 12 Geography practical exam, students have to visit the school and perform all required activities regarding the subject. Students have to arrange field surveys for subjects like geography and the project file needs to be submitted for assessment.
Ques. What are the important sections covered in the ISC Class 12 Geography syllabus?
Ans. The important sections covered in the ISC Class 12 Geography syllabus are Physical Environment, Population and Human Settlements, Resources of India and Their Utilisation, Infrastructural Resources, Industries, Regional Economic Development, and Map Work.
Ques. Can I download the PYQs for the ISC class 12 Geography exam?
Ans. The previous years’ question papers for the ISC Class 12 Geography subject are available on the official website of CISCE. Students can download by clicking on Examinations>ISC examinations>Previous Years’ Question Papers>Select the particular year. The zip folder will be downloaded containing a question paper of each subject.
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.
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