List of top Veterinary Science Questions on Immunology

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Defective apoptotic processes have been implicated in a wide variety of diseases
Reason (R) : Excessive apoptosis causes atrophy whereas an insufficient amount results in cancer.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Read the following statements regarding the complement system. Choose the set of correct statements about appropriate properties of complement
(A). Complement activity is destroyed (inactivated) by heating serum at 56 \(^{\circ}\)C for 30 minutes.
(B). Complement activity opsonize bacteria for enhanced phagocytosis and facilitate lysis of the bacteria
(C). Complement is non antibody heat stable serum proteins
(D). Complement comprises over 20 different serum proteins that are produced by a variety of cells including, hepatocytes, macrophages and gut epithelial cells.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Peptidoglycan is a complex polymer of sugars and amino acids; the substance from which bacterial cell walls are made. Bacteria are divided into Gram positve and Gram negative on the basis of cell wall of the bacteria and Gram's staining. Choose set of correct statements below with respect to Gram nagative bacteria
(A). Gram negative bacteria contain thick layer of peptidoglycan and therefore they stain pink in colour.
(B). Antibiotic penicillin is less effective on Gram negative bacteria
(C). All the genera of the family Enterobacteriaceae consist of Gram negative bacteria
(D). Gram negative bacteria have less peptidoglycan and therefore they stain pink in colour.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Acid fast staining method is used for detection of mycobacteria and bacterial spores. Arrange the steps according to the appropriate procedure for Acid fast staining.
(A). Primary staining by Strong Carbol fuchsin
(B). Use mordant by steaming the slide with a Bunsen burner over the sink
(C). Decolorise by Acid Alcohol
(D). Counterstain by flooding the slide with Methylene Blue
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Hemolytic disease after mismatched blood tranfusion is example of Type 2 hypersensitivity and may be sometimes with fatal outcome.
Reason (R) : Type 2 hypersensitivity is mediated by IgG and IgM directed against antigens on circulating red blood cells that leads to cell lysis
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Which of the following viral symmetry is found in bacterial viruses?

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Neutrophils are highly phagocytic in nature
Reason (R) : They release toxic major basic proteins to kill the foreign body
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

The broad functions of the complement system are mentioned below. Choose the set of correct statements
(A) Activation of complement cascade and thereby mediate inflammation
(B) Direct killing of target cells/microbes by lysis
(C) Do not bind with apoptotic cells and antigen antibody complex
(D) Opsonization (labeling) of pathogens and cells for clearance/destruction
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Process of antibody formation is a slow-acting, long-lasting, and more specific adaptive immune response. The adaptive immune response in B cells, Helper T cells and Cytotoxic T cells involve four phases mentioned below. Arrange these phases according to the order of occurence from first to last.
(A) Activation: Activation responses involve both changes in gene expression and in the initiation of cell division.
(B) Memory: Long-lived, pre-activated immune cells that wait for a subsequent infection are formed in the memory phase of the adaptive immune response.
(C) Encounter: Cells must first encounter antigens by binding specifically to them using specialized membrane proteins.
(D) Attack: The immune cells attack invading pathogens or infected cells.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Mismatched blood transfusion is adverse reaction of Type 2 complement mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity.
Reason (R) : Natural killer cells play a role in destruction of transformed cells.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Allergy to penicillin is example of Type 1 hypersensitivity and may be sometimes with fatal outcome.
Reason (R) : Type 1 hypersensitivity is mediated by IgE and Mast cell which undergo degranulation leading to heavy release of histamine that cause vasodialation
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Given below are two statements
Statement (I) : Phagocytosis is a cellular process for ingesting and eliminating particles, including foreign substances, microorganisms, and apoptotic cells.
Statement (II) : The process of phagocytosis involves several sequential steps, namely, Particle recognition, Particle ingestion, Phagosome formation, Phagolysosome formation and digestion
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.

Read the following statements about immunoglobulin M (IgM)
(A) IgM is the initial antibody produced during immune response to a foreign pathogen.
(B) IgM is a pentamer joined by J-chain with 10 F(ab) fragments and 10 paratopes
(C) Very high IgM levels are found in a group of primary immunodeficiencies characterized by susceptibility to infections and malignancies
(D) IgM cross placeta from mother to fetus and thus protects newborn progeny from intrauterine infections
Choose the correct answers from the options given below:

Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Reaginic antibodies (IgE) are usually get fixed to the mast cells.
Statement II: These antibodies are associated with the Type-I (anaphylactic) reaction in the body.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Arrange the Type I, Type II, Type III and Type IV hypersensitivity reaction in the order of the immune responses/reactions they elicits
A. Immediate hypersensitivity
B. Arthus type reaction
C. Cell mediated hypersensitivity
D. Auto-immune reaction
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Mouse IgD is susceptible to destruction by protease in serum and hence, cannot be detected in serum
Reason R: Mouse IgD has got short hinge region and no inter chain disulfide bonds
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Arrange the following heavy chain constant region genes of the immunoglobulin molecule from 5 prime to 3 prime in a correct order
A. IGHM
B. IGHD
C. IGHG
D. IGHE
E. IGHA
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The innate pathways for the activation of complement system include
A. Classical pathway
B. Alternative pathway
C. Lectin pathway
D. TLR pathway
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Among the following, the type of particulate adjuvants is/are
A. Liposomes
B. Alum
C. Immune stimulating complexes (ISCOMs)
D. Microparticles
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The germinal centre of the lymph node mainly consists of

A secondary immune response

Brucellergin test is an example of

Half life of IgG is usually

Which serotype of FMD virus is NOT common in India?