Question

Which serotype of FMD virus is NOT common in India?

• A. O
• B. A
• C. SAT-1
• D. C

Hint:

Remember that the "SAT" serotypes stand for "Southern African Territories", meaning they are strictly geographically restricted to Africa and are completely exotic to the Indian subcontinent.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) has seven major, immunologically distinct serotypes: O, A, C, Asia-1, and the Southern African Territories types (SAT-1, SAT-2, SAT-3).

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the geographical distribution of these FMDV serotypes:
- Serotypes O, A, and Asia-1 are highly prevalent and common in India, causing recurrent outbreaks in domestic livestock.
- Serotype C was previously recorded in India, but its incidence declined rapidly, with the last recorded case in 1995. Globally, it is now considered clinically extinct.
- The SAT serotypes (SAT-1, SAT-2, SAT-3) are strictly restricted and endemic to the African continent (specifically sub-Saharan Africa) and have never been present or common in India. They are classified as exotic serotypes to India.
Therefore, SAT-1 is the serotype of FMD virus that is not common in India.

Step 3: Final Answer
The correct option is (C).