Question

Match List I with List II 

 

• A. A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
• B. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• C. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
• D. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

Hint:

Remember that Bacillus anthracis is highly unique in microbiology because of its polypeptide capsule made of poly-D-glutamic acid (C-IV).
Combining this with the knowledge that LPS is the primary component of the Gram-negative E. coli (D-III) resolves the matches instantly.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Different microbial groups have unique macromolecular components in their cellular envelope, outer layers, or capsules, which are key physiological markers and virulence factors.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us correlate each biochemical component with the corresponding organism:
- A. Mycolic Acid: These are long, branched-chain fatty acids located in the cell envelope of the genus Mycobacterium, such as Mycobacterium bovis.
This component makes the cell wall impermeable to standard dyes and confers acid-fastness.
Thus, A matches with II.
- B. Chitin: Chitin is a characteristic structural polymer of N-acetylglucosamine that constitutes the cell walls of fungi, such as the mold Aspergillus flavus.
Thus, B matches with I.
- C. Poly Glutamic Acid: Most bacteria possess a polysaccharide capsule.
However, Bacillus anthracis is highly unique because its capsule consists of a polypeptide, specifically poly-D-glutamic acid, which inhibits phagocytosis.
Thus, C matches with IV.
- D. LPS (Lipopolysaccharide): Lipopolysaccharide is the main outer membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, acting as an endotoxin.
Thus, D matches with III.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Aligning these pairs gives A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III, which is represented by option (C).