Question:
Brucellergin test is an example of
Brucellergin test is an example of
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Skin tests like the tuberculin test (for tuberculosis) and the Brucellergin test (for brucellosis) are cell-mediated (Type IV) reactions that require $48$--$72$ hours to develop visible induration.
Updated On: Aug 13, 2026
- Type II hypersensitivity reaction
- Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
- Type I hypersensitivity reaction
- Type III hypersensitivity reaction
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Hypersensitivity reactions are exaggerated or inappropriate immune responses that cause tissue damage.
They are classified into four types (Gell and Coombs classification).
Type IV hypersensitivity is a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction that is cell-mediated (mediated by sensitized T cells) rather than antibody-mediated.
Detailed Explanation:
The Brucellergin test is a diagnostic skin test used to detect sensitization to Brucella species in animals, particularly ruminants.
Brucellergin is a protein allergen derived from Brucella cells that does not stimulate antibody production but triggers a localized immune response in sensitized individuals.
Upon intradermal injection, sensitized Th1 cells recognize the antigen presented by local antigen-presenting cells.
These T cells release pro-inflammatory cytokines, including Interferon-gamma (IFN-$\gamma$) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), which recruit and activate macrophages at the injection site.
This infiltration of mononuclear cells leads to local induration and swelling, which peaks between $48$ and $72$ hours.
This delay in tissue reaction is characteristic of Type IV hypersensitivity, distinguishing it from antibody-mediated immediate hypersensitivities (Types I, II, and III).
Step 2: Final Answer:
The Brucellergin test is a classic diagnostic application of a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction.
Hypersensitivity reactions are exaggerated or inappropriate immune responses that cause tissue damage.
They are classified into four types (Gell and Coombs classification).
Type IV hypersensitivity is a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction that is cell-mediated (mediated by sensitized T cells) rather than antibody-mediated.
Detailed Explanation:
The Brucellergin test is a diagnostic skin test used to detect sensitization to Brucella species in animals, particularly ruminants.
Brucellergin is a protein allergen derived from Brucella cells that does not stimulate antibody production but triggers a localized immune response in sensitized individuals.
Upon intradermal injection, sensitized Th1 cells recognize the antigen presented by local antigen-presenting cells.
These T cells release pro-inflammatory cytokines, including Interferon-gamma (IFN-$\gamma$) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), which recruit and activate macrophages at the injection site.
This infiltration of mononuclear cells leads to local induration and swelling, which peaks between $48$ and $72$ hours.
This delay in tissue reaction is characteristic of Type IV hypersensitivity, distinguishing it from antibody-mediated immediate hypersensitivities (Types I, II, and III).
Step 2: Final Answer:
The Brucellergin test is a classic diagnostic application of a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction.
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