The correct sequence of ligands in the order of decreasing field strength is :
- \( \text{CO} > \text{H}_2\text{O} > \text{F}^- > \text{S}^{2-} \)
- \( \text{OH}^- > \text{F}^- > \text{NH}_3 > \text{CN}^- \)
- \( \text{NCS}^- > \text{EDTA}^{4-} > \text{CN}^- > \text{CO} \)
- \( \text{S}^{2-} > \text{OH}^- > \text{EDTA}^{4-} > \text{CO} \)
The Correct Option is A
Approach Solution - 1
Understanding Ligand Field Strength:
The strength of a ligand in the context of field strength refers to its ability to split the \(d\)-orbitals of a transition metal ion, which affects the color, magnetic properties, and stability of the metal complex. Ligands are arranged according to their field strength in the Spectrochemical Series.
Spectrochemical Series:
According to the Spectrochemical Series, ligands are arranged in the following order of increasing field strength:
\[ I^- < \text{Br}^- < S^{2-} < \text{Cl}^- < \text{F}^- < \text{OH}^- < \text{H}_2\text{O} < \text{NCS}^- < \text{EDTA}^{4-} < \text{NH}_3 < \text{en} < \text{CN}^- < \text{CO} \]
Arrange the Given Ligands in Decreasing Field Strength:
From the Spectrochemical Series:
\[ \text{CO} > \text{H}_2\text{O} > \text{F}^- > S^{2-} \]
Conclusion:
The correct sequence in the order of decreasing field strength is:
\[ \text{CO} > \text{H}_2\text{O} > \text{F}^- > S^{2-} \]
which corresponds to Option (1).
Approach Solution -2
Sequence needed: Arrange the ligands \( \text{CO} \), \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \), \( \text{F}^- \), \( \text{S}^{2-} \) in order of decreasing field strength.
Step 2: Concept – Spectrochemical series.
The spectrochemical series arranges ligands from weak field to strong field based on their ability to cause crystal field splitting (\( \Delta_0 \)).
General field strength order in the series is:
\( \text{I}^- < \text{Br}^- < \text{S}^{2-} < \text{F}^- < \text{H}_2\text{O} < \text{NH}_3 < \text{NO}_2^- < \text{CN}^- < \text{CO} \)
Step 3: Arrange the given ligands.
From the series:
- \( \text{CO} \) (strongest)
- \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) (moderate field)
- \( \text{F}^- \) (weak field)
- \( \text{S}^{2-} \) (very weak field)
Therefore, the sequence in decreasing field strength is:
\( \text{CO} > \text{H}_2\text{O} > \text{F}^- > \text{S}^{2-} \)
Step 4: Final Answer.
\( \boxed{\text{CO} > \text{H}_2\text{O} > \text{F}^- > \text{S}^{2-}} \)
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