Which of the following mixtures act(s) as a buffer solution?
- NaOH+CH3COOH (1:1 mole ratio)
- NH4OH+HCl (2:1 mole ratio)
- CH3COOH+NaOH (2:1 mole ratio)
- CH3COOH+NaOH (1:2 mole ratio)
The Correct Option is B, C
Solution and Explanation
An acidic buffer comprises a combination of a weak acid and one of its salts, while a basic buffer is formed by mixing a weak base with one of its salts. Among the provided mixtures, B, C, and D possess buffer properties.
(A) The mixture NaOH+HCOONa cannot function as a buffer due to the presence of a strong base and a salt derived from a weak acid.
(B) The blend of Borax + boric acid acts as a buffer since it encompasses a weak acid (boric acid) along with its salt (borax), in addition to a strong base.
(C) The combination NaH 2 PO 4 +Na 2 HPO 4 qualifies as a buffer, given that it comprises a weak acid (monosodium dihydrogen phosphate) and its corresponding salt (disodium monohydrogen phosphate), alongside the strong base NaOH.
(D) NH 4 Cl+NH 4 OH functions as a buffer by containing a weak base, ammonium hydroxide, and its salt, ammonium chloride, alongside a strong acid, HCl.
The correct answer is/are option(s):
(B): NH4OH+HCl (2:1 mole ratio)
(C): CH3COOH+NaOH (2:1 mole ratio)
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Concepts Used:
Buffer solutions
The buffer solution is a solution that is able to maintain its Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) with only minor changes on the dilution or addition of a small amount of either acid or base. They are used in fermentation, food preservatives, drug delivery, printing, the activity of enzymes and many more.
Buffer solutions are aqueous solutions containing a weak acid and its salt - acid buffer or a weak base and its salt - base buffer.
Types of Buffer Solution
Acidic Buffers
These solutions are used to maintain acidic environments. Also, it has acidic pH and is prepared by mixing a weak acid and its salt with a strong base. An aqueous solution of an equal concentration of acetic acid and sodium acetate has a pH of 4.74.
Alkaline Buffers
These solutions are used to maintain basic conditions. It has a basic pH and is prepared by mixing a weak base and its salt with strong acid. The aqueous solution of an equal concentration of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride has a pH of 9.25.
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