Question

Who is known as the “Father of Indian Archaeology”?

• A. John Marshall
• B. Alexander Cunningham
• C. Rakhaldas Banerji
• D. Mortimer Wheeler

Hint:

Remember: \[ \text{ASI Founder} \rightarrow \text{Alexander Cunningham} \] Hence, he is known as the Father of Indian Archaeology.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: Archaeology is the scientific study of ancient remains, inscriptions, monuments, and artefacts to reconstruct history.

Step 1: Understanding Alexander Cunningham's contribution.
Alexander Cunningham played a pioneering role in the development of archaeology in India. His major contributions include:

• Establishment of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)
• Survey and excavation of ancient sites
• Identification of Buddhist remains and monuments
• Systematic archaeological research in India

Because of these contributions, he is called: \[ \text{Father of Indian Archaeology} \]

Step 2: Eliminating incorrect options.

• John Marshall -- Excavated Harappa and Mohenjo-daro.
• Rakhaldas Banerji -- Discovered Mohenjo-daro.
• Mortimer Wheeler -- Improved excavation techniques in India.

Step 3: Selecting the correct answer.
Therefore: \[ \boxed{\text{Alexander Cunningham}} \] Hence, the correct option is: \[ \boxed{(B)} \]