Question

Which property of fluid accounts for major losses in pipes?

• A. Density
• B. Specific gravity
• C. Viscosity
• D. Compressibility

Hint:

Major losses are always associated with the length of the pipe and the viscosity of the fluid, whereas minor losses are associated with the geometry of the pipe system.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: Energy losses in pipe flow are categorized into major and minor losses.

• Major losses: Occur due to friction between the fluid and the pipe wall.

• Minor losses: Occur due to fittings, valves, bends, and changes in area.

• Internal friction: Result of the relative motion between fluid layers.

Step 1: Understanding Fluid Friction.
As fluid flows through a pipe, it experiences resistance to motion. This resistance is known as fluid friction.

Step 2: Relating Friction to Viscosity.
Viscosity is the physical property that represents a fluid's internal resistance to flow. Higher viscosity results in higher shear stress and greater energy dissipation.

Step 3: Conclusion.
According to the Darcy-Weisbach equation, head loss is directly tied to the friction factor. Since viscosity is the source of this frictional energy loss: It accounts for the major losses in pipes. Final Answer: (C)