Question

Which pair is NOT correctly matched regarding the components of population change?

• A. Crude Birth Rate (CBR): \(\dfrac{Bi}{P}\times1000\)
• B. Crude Death Rate (CDR): \(\dfrac{D}{P}\times1000\)
• C. Growth Rate: \((\text{Births}-\text{Deaths})+(\text{In-migration}-\text{Out-migration})\)
• D. Natural Growth: \(\text{Births}+\text{Deaths}\)

Hint:

Natural population growth always means: \[ \text{Birth Rate} - \text{Death Rate} \] Migration is not included in natural growth.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Concept:
Population change depends on births, deaths, and migration.

Step 1: Check Crude Birth Rate (CBR). CBR is calculated as: :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0} where:
• \(B_i\) = number of live births
• \(P\) = total population Thus, option (A) is correctly matched.

Step 2: Check Crude Death Rate (CDR). CDR is calculated as: :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1} where:
• \(D\) = number of deaths
• \(P\) = total population Thus, option (B) is correctly matched.

Step 3: Check Growth Rate formula. Population growth depends on: \[ (\text{Births}-\text{Deaths}) + (\text{In-migration}-\text{Out-migration}) \] Thus, option (C) is correctly matched.

Step 4: Check Natural Growth formula. Natural growth is calculated as: \[ \text{Births}-\text{Deaths} \] NOT: \[ \text{Births}+\text{Deaths} \] Hence, option (D) is incorrectly matched.

Step 5: Conclusion. Therefore, the NOT correctly matched pair is: \[ \boxed{\text{Natural Growth: Births + Deaths}} \]