Which of the following is NOT a component of population change?
Show Hint
Characteristics such as Sex Ratio, Age Structure, and Literacy rate represent population composition, not dynamic components of change.
- Sex Ratio
- Births
- Death
- Migration
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Demographic change refers to the quantitative modification in the size, density, and spatial distribution of a human population over time.
The demographic balancing equation explicitly identifies the fundamental processes that govern numerical additions and subtractions to any given population.
These fundamental processes are termed the components of population change.
Step 1: Identifying the Components of Population Change:
There are precisely three components of population change:
1. Births (measured via crude birth rate or fertility), which add individuals to the population.
2. Deaths (measured via crude death rate or mortality), which remove individuals from the population.
3. Migration (net migration comprising immigration and emigration), which redistributes individuals geographically.
Natural growth is determined by the difference between births and deaths, whereas actual growth accounts for net migration.
Step 2: Analysis of the Term Sex Ratio:
The sex ratio is a structural indicator of population composition, defined as the ratio between the number of males and females in a population.
Sex ratio describes the demographic structure or characteristics of an existing population at a single snapshot in time.
It does not itself represent an independent dynamic process of numerical population growth or decline.
Final Answer:
Hence, Sex Ratio is NOT a component of population change.
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