Question:

The $M - O - M$ bond angles in $M_2O$ (where $M$ is halogen) is in the order

Updated On: Aug 1, 2022
  • $Br _{2} O > Cl _{2} O > F _{2} O$
  • $F _{2} O > Br _{2} O > Cl _{2} O$
  • $F _{2} O > Cl _{2} O > Br _{2} O$
  • $Cl _{2} O > F _{2} O > Br _{2} O$
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The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

In $OF _{2}$ repulsion between lone pairs is greater than that between bond pair since electrons are away from $O$ and nearer to $F$. In $Cl _{2} O$, bonding electrons are nearer to $O$ than to $Cl$, so the bond angle is greater than $109^{\circ} 28' .$ In $Br _{2} O$, the bonding electrons are more closer to oxygen than in $Cl _{2} O$, so the bond angle is largest $\left(116^{\circ}\right)$.
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Concepts Used:

Group 17 Elements

Halogens are the group 17 elements of the periodic table. The term ‘halogen’ means ‘salt-producing’, hence the name halogens as they possess the tendency to form salts after reacting to metals. It generally has five elements:

  • Fluorine (F)
  • Chlorine (Cl)
  • Bromine (Br)
  • Iodine (I)
  • Astatine (At)

These are all naturally occurring halogens but Tennessine (Ts) is an artificially created halogen.

Halogens:

Halogens are highly reactive elements and are highly electronegative. They have a high tendency to react with metals to form salts. They are also known as Group 17 elements. They have 7 electrons in their outer shell with a configuration of (ns2 np5). Fluorine being the first halogen in group 17, is highly reactive. Astatine is a halogen because of its resemblance with iodine despite it being radioactive.

Electronic Configuration:

The general electronic configuration for group 17 elements is ns2np5. This configuration clearly shows that they have 7 electrons in their valence shell. They require one more electron to complete their octet and achieve noble gas configuration.