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Question:
The bond length of $HCl$ bond is $2.29 \times 10^{-10}\, m$. The percentage ionic character of $HCl$, if measured dipole moment is $6.226 \times 10^{-30}\, C \,m$ is
The bond length of $HCl$ bond is $2.29 \times 10^{-10}\, m$. The percentage ionic character of $HCl$, if measured dipole moment is $6.226 \times 10^{-30}\, C \,m$ is
Updated On: Jun 7, 2022
- 8%
- 20%
- 17%
- 50%
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
${\mu_{cal}} = q \times d = 1.6 \times 10^{-19 } \times 2.29 \times 10^{-10}$.
$ = {3.664 \times 10^{-29}\, C\, m}$
% ionic character = $\frac{\mu_{exp}}{\mu_{cal}} \times 100$
$= \frac{6.226 \times 10^{-30}}{3.664 \times 10^{-29}} \times 100 = 17 \%$
$ = {3.664 \times 10^{-29}\, C\, m}$
% ionic character = $\frac{\mu_{exp}}{\mu_{cal}} \times 100$
$= \frac{6.226 \times 10^{-30}}{3.664 \times 10^{-29}} \times 100 = 17 \%$
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Concepts Used:
Bond Parameters
Covalent bonds can be characterized on the basis of several bond parameters such as bond length, bond angle, bond order, and bond energy (also known as bond enthalpy). These bond parameters offer insight into the stability of a chemical compound and the strength of the chemical bonds holding its atoms together.
Bond parameters
- Bond length: it is an equilibrium distance between the centres of the nuclei of the two bonded atoms. It is expressed in terms of A.
- Bond Angle: It is characterized as the point between the orbitals consisting of holding electron sets around the focal iota in an atom/complex particle. Bond points are communicated in degrees which are tentatively controlled by spectroscopic strategies.
- Bond Enthalpy: the measure of energy needed to break one mole of obligations of a specific sort between two molecules in a vaporous state. The unit of bond enthalpy is kJ mol–1. The more the bond enthalpy, the more grounded the bond is.
For example, The H—H bond enthalpy in hydrogen is 435.8 kJ mol-1. \
- Bond Order: According to Lewis, Bond Order is given by the number of connections between the two atoms in a particle.
Bond order of H2 (H —H) =1
Bond order of 02 (O = O) =2
Bond order of N2 (N = N) =3
- Resonance Structures: It is observed that there are many molecules whose behaviour cannot be explained by a single Lewis structure.
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