Question

Match List-I with List-II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Henry's Law applications:
- Deep-sea divers breathe helium-diluted air to prevent bends.
- High altitude climbers experience anoxia due to low \(\text{pO}_2\).
Reverse osmosis utilizes cellulose acetate membranes.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept:
Colligative properties and solubility phenomena governed by Henry's law have extensive real-world physiological and industrial applications, ranging from cellular transport and underwater diving to mountain sickness and water purification.

Step 1: Matching Osmotic Pressure:
Osmotic pressure is experimentally defined as the minimum excess pressure applied to the solution chamber to completely halt the spontaneous inflow of solvent molecules across a semi-permeable membrane.
Therefore, entry (A) matches with item (II).

Step 2: Matching Anoxia and Altitude Physiology:
At elevated altitudes, the atmospheric pressure and partial pressure of oxygen are significantly lower than at sea level.
According to Henry's law, this leads to a lower concentration of dissolved oxygen in the blood and brain of climbers, producing cognitive impairment and physical weakness, a condition called anoxia.
Therefore, entry (B) matches with item (IV).

Step 3: Matching Bends in Scuba Diving:
When deep-sea divers dive underwater, increased hydrostatic pressure increases the solubility of atmospheric gases in their blood.
Upon rapid ascent, the pressure abruptly drops, causing dissolved nitrogen gas to come out of solution rapidly as gas bubbles that obstruct microcapillaries, causing a painful condition known as bends.
Therefore, entry (C) matches with item (I).

Step 4: Matching Cellulose Acetate:
Cellulose acetate is a semipermeable synthetic membrane employed in the reverse osmosis desalination of seawater.
It allows small water molecules to pass freely while being impermeable to ionic impurities, salts, and hydrated solutes.
Therefore, entry (D) matches with item (III).
Final Answer:
The resulting matched sequence is (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III), corresponding to option (C).