An ideal gas undergoes four different processes from the same initial state as shown in the figure below. Those processes are adiabatic, isothermal, isobaric and isochoric. The curve which represents the adiabatic process among 1, 2, 3 and 4 is:
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
2 - Adiabatic
3 - Isothermal
4 - Isobaric
Top Questions on Thermodynamics
- The heat of combustion of solid benzoic acid at constant volume is \(-321.30 \, \text{kJ}\) at \(27^\circ \text{C}\). The heat of combustion at constant pressure is \((-321.30 - xR)\, \text{kJ}\). The value of \(x\) is:
- JEE Main - 2024
- Chemistry
- Thermodynamics
- Given below are two statements : One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R)
Assertion (A): Enthalpy of neutralisation of strong monobasic acid with strong monoacidic base is always –57 kJ mol–1
Reason (R): Enthalpy of neutralisation is the amount of heat liberated when one mole of H+ ions furnished by acid combine with one mole of –OH ions furnished by base to form one mole of water. In the light of the above statements.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.- JEE Main - 2024
- Chemistry
- Thermodynamics
- Consider the following reaction at 298 K.
\(\frac{3}{2}O_{2(g)}⇌O_{3(g)},K_p=2.47×10^{−29}\).
\(Δ_rG^{\theta}\) for the reaction is ______ kJ. (Given R=\(8.314\;J K^{−1}mol^{−1}\))- JEE Main - 2024
- Chemistry
- Thermodynamics
- A gas mixture consists of 8 moles of argon and 6 moles of oxygen at temperature T. Neglecting all vibrational modes, the total internal energy of the system is
- JEE Main - 2024
- Physics
- Thermodynamics
- On Celsius scale, the temperature of a body increases by \( 40^\circ \text{C} \). The increase in temperature on Fahrenheit scale is:
- JEE Main - 2024
- Physics
- Thermodynamics
Questions Asked in NEET exam
- Match List I with List II:Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
List I List II A Citric acid cycle I Cytoplasm B Glycolysis II Mitochondrial matrix C Electron transport System III Intermembrane space of mitochondria D Proton gradient IV Inner mitochondrial membrane - NEET (UG) - 2024
- Glycolysis
- Consider the following statements A and B and identify the correct answer:
A. For a solar-cell, the I-V characteristics lies in the IV quadrant of the given graph.
B. In a reverse biased pn junction diode, the current measured in (µA), is due to majority charge carriers.- NEET (UG) - 2024
- P-N Junction
- Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Mitochondria and chloroplasts both double membranes bound organelles.
Statement II: Inner membrane of mitochondria is relatively less permeable, as compared chloroplast. I
In the light of the above statements, choose the mis appropriate answer from the options given below- NEET (UG) - 2024
- Cell structure and organelles
- Match List I with List II.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
List I
(Spectral Lines of Hydrogen for transitions from)List II
(Wavelength (nm))A. n2 = 3 to n1 = 2 I. 410.2 B. n2 = 4 to n1 = 2 II. 434.1 C. n2 = 5 to n1 = 2 III. 656.3 D. n2 = 6 to n1 = 2 IV. 486.1 - NEET (UG) - 2024
- Bohr’s Model for Hydrogen Atom
- Arrange the following elements in increasing order of electronegativity:
N, O, F, C, Si
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:- NEET (UG) - 2024
- Modern Periodic Law And The Present Form Of The Periodic Table
Concepts Used:
Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics in physics is a branch that deals with heat, work and temperature, and their relation to energy, radiation and physical properties of matter.
Important Terms
System
A thermodynamic system is a specific portion of matter with a definite boundary on which our attention is focused. The system boundary may be real or imaginary, fixed or deformable.
There are three types of systems:
- Isolated System – An isolated system cannot exchange both energy and mass with its surroundings. The universe is considered an isolated system.
- Closed System – Across the boundary of the closed system, the transfer of energy takes place but the transfer of mass doesn’t take place. Refrigerators and compression of gas in the piston-cylinder assembly are examples of closed systems.
- Open System – In an open system, the mass and energy both may be transferred between the system and surroundings. A steam turbine is an example of an open system.
Thermodynamic Process
A system undergoes a thermodynamic process when there is some energetic change within the system that is associated with changes in pressure, volume and internal energy.
There are four types of thermodynamic process that have their unique properties, and they are:
- Adiabatic Process – A process in which no heat transfer takes place.
- Isochoric Process – A thermodynamic process taking place at constant volume is known as the isochoric process.
- Isobaric Process – A process in which no change in pressure occurs.
- Isothermal Process – A process in which no change in temperature occurs.
Laws of Thermodynamics
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
The Zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two bodies are individually in equilibrium with a separate third body, then the first two bodies are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
First Law of Thermodynamics
The First law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic processes, distinguishing three kinds of transfer of energy, as heat, as thermodynamic work, and as energy associated with matter transfer, and relating them to a function of a body's state, called internal energy.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
The Second law of thermodynamics is a physical law of thermodynamics about heat and loss in its conversion.
Third Law of Thermodynamics
Third law of thermodynamics states, regarding the properties of closed systems in thermodynamic equilibrium: The entropy of a system approaches a constant value when its temperature approaches absolute zero.
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