List of top Chemistry Questions on Chemistry of organic compounds asked in UP Board XII

Hydrogen atom of chloroform is acidic in nature.
Write structures of the following compounds: (i) 2-Chloro-3-methylpentane
(ii) 1,4-dibromobut-2-ene
(iii) 1-Bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane
(iv) 1-Bromo-2-methylbut-2-ene
(v) 1-Chloro-2-methylbenzene
Explain optical activity, chirality, retention, inversion and racemisation in Haloalkane.

Give the structures of A, B, and C in the following reaction sequences: 
(i) \(\mathrm{CH_3CH_2I} \xrightarrow[\ ]{\mathrm{NaCN}} A \xrightarrow[\ ]{\;\;HO^-\;/\;H_2O\;\;} B \xrightarrow[\;Br_2/NaOH\;]{} C\)
(ii) \(\mathrm{C_6H_5N_2^+Cl^-} \xrightarrow[\ ]{\mathrm{CuCN}} A \xrightarrow[\ ]{\;H_3O^+\;} B \xrightarrow[\ \Delta\ ]{\;NH_3\;} C\)
(iii) \(\mathrm{CH_3CH_2Br} \xrightarrow[\ ]{\mathrm{KCN}} A \xrightarrow[\ ]{\mathrm{LiAlH_4}} B \xrightarrow[\;273\,K\;]{\;HNO_2\;} C\)
 

Write the following in order:
(i) Decreasing order of \( pK_b \) value: \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2, \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NHCH}_3, \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 \).
(ii) Decreasing order of basic strength: \( \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2, \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{N(CH}_3\text{)}_2, \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 \).
(iii) Increasing order of basic strength: Aniline; p-nitroaniline; and paratoludine.
(iv) Solubility order in water: \( \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2, (\text{C}_2\text{H}_5)_2\text{NH}, \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 \).
(v) Increasing order of boiling point: \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}, \text{CH}_3\text{NH}_2, \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{NH}_2 \).
Write the structure of the product for the reaction:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{C}_2\text{H}_5 + \text{Cd} \xrightarrow{} 2\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{COCl} \]
How will you synthesize the following? Give chemical equations only.
(i) 1-phenylethanol from a suitable alkene (ii) Cyclohexylmethanol with the help of alkyl halide by \( S_N2 \) reaction. (iii) Pentan-1-ol from a suitable alkyl halide.
How can these conversions be done? Give chemical equations only.
(i) Propan-2-ol from propene (ii) Benzyl alcohol from benzyl chloride (iii) Propan-1-ol from ethyl magnesium chloride (iv) 2-methyl propan-2-ol from methyl magnesium bromide (v) Picric acid from phenol
Write structural formula and IUPAC name of the following:
(i) sec-butyl chloride
(ii) isopentyl bromide
(iii) tert-butyl chloride
(iv) isobutyl chloride
(v) neopentyl chloride
Differentiate between the following:
(i) Propanal and Propanone,
(ii) Phenol and Benzoic acid.
Explain the following reactions with examples: (i) Kolbe reaction
(ii) Reimer–Tiemann reaction
(iii) Williamson Ether synthesis
An organic compound (A) has molecular formula C$_8$H$_8$O. It gives an orange-red precipitate with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNP) and a yellow precipitate on heating with iodine in the presence of NaOH. It does not reduce Tollens’ reagent or Fehling’s solution and does not decolourise Br$_2$-water/Baeyer’s reagent. On strong oxidation with chromic acid it forms a carboxylic acid (B) of formula C$_7$H$_6$O$_2$. Identify (A) and (B).
Write the uses of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform.
Hydrogen atom of chloroform is acidic in nature.
Write structural formula and IUPAC name of the following:
(i) sec-butyl chloride
(ii) isopentyl bromide
(iii) tert-butyl chloride
(iv) isobutyl chloride
(v) neopentyl chloride
Differentiate between the following:
(i) Propanal and Propanone,
(ii) Phenol and Benzoic acid.
Write IUPAC names of the following:

Explain by giving the example of chlorobenzene that chlorine is ortho- and para-directing in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

Write I.U.P.A.C. names of the following:

(i) \([Co(NH_3)_6]Cl_3\)

(ii) \([Ti(H_2O)_6]^{3+}\)

(iii) \( K_2[Ni(CN)_4] \)

(iv) \([Pt(NH_3)_2Cl_2]\)

An aromatic compound on treatment with aqueous ammonia and heating forms compound , which on heating with \( Br_2 \) and KOH forms a compound of molecular formula \( C_6H_7N \). Write the structures and names of the compounds , , and .
Explain the mechanism of nucleophilic addition reaction in aldehydes and ketones by an example. Write chemical equations of the reaction of Aldol and Cross Aldol condensation.
\( RMgX \) and water react to form:
Describe the mechanism of bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions (\( S_N2 \)) in haloalkanes.
Explain the acidic nature of phenol.