List of top Sensors and Industrial Instrumentation Questions on Electrical and Electronic Measurements

An ideal LVDT shows $2\,\text{V}_{\text{RMS}}$ from each secondary at zero displacement. One secondary has a phase deviation of $1^\circ$ from the expected $180^\circ$ opposition; otherwise the LVDT is ideal. If the differential output sensitivity is $1\ \text{mV(RMS)}/\mu\text{m}$, the output for zero displacement is _____(rounded off to one decimal place)} $\mu$m.
Five measurements are made using a weighing machine, and the readings are 80 kg, 79 kg, 81 kg, 79 kg and 81 kg. The sample standard deviation of the measurement is ___________ kg (rounded off to two decimal places).