List of top Science Questions on Gravitation

How does the force of gravitation between two objects change when the distance between them is reduced to half?

What is the magnitude of the gravitational force between the earth and a 1 kg object on its surface? (Mass of the earth is 6 × \(10^{24}\) kg and radius of the earth is 6.4 × \(10^6\) m.)

The earth and the moon are attracted to each other by gravitational force. Does the earth attract the moon with a force that is greater or smaller or the same as the force with which the moon attracts the earth? Why?
If the moon attracts the earth, why does the earth not move towards the moon?
What happens to the force between two objects, if
(i) the mass of one object is doubled?
(ii) the distance between the objects is doubled and tripled?
(iii) the masses of both objects are doubled?
What is the importance of universal law of gravitation?
Gravitational force on the surface of the moon is only \(\frac{1}6\) as strong as gravitational force on the earth. What is the weight in newtons of a 10 kg object on the moon and on the earth?
Gravitational force acts on all objects in proportion to their masses. Why then, a heavy object does not fall faster than a light object?