Step 1: Concept
A Nobel Laureate is a person who has been awarded the Nobel Prize, one of the world's most prestigious awards given for achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, peace, and economics.
Step 2: Meaning
The question asks us to identify an individual from the provided options who has not received the Nobel Prize.
Step 3: Analysis
Let's examine each option:
Hargobind Khorana (Option A): He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 for his work on the genetic code and protein synthesis.
Srinivasa S. R. Varadhan (Option B): He has not been a Nobel Laureate as of now. His contributions to probability theory, particularly in the area of large deviations, have earned him other prestigious awards but not yet the Nobel Prize.
Abhijit V. Banerjee (Option C): He was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2019 for his work on microeconomics and development economics.
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (Option D): He received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983 for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars.
Since we need to identify who is not a Nobel Laureate, Srinivasa S. R. Varadhan fits this criterion based on current information.
Step 4: Conclusion
Srinivasa S. R. Varadhan has not yet received the Nobel Prize.
Final Answer: (B)