Question

White spot syndrome virus has been more prevalent in which one of the following species?

• A. Seabass
• B. Indian white shrimp
• C. Tiger shrimp
• D. White leg shrimp

Hint:

Major Shrimp Viral Pathogens:
WSSV (White Spot Syndrome Virus) $\rightarrow$ Highly virulent in TIGER SHRIMP (Penaeus monodon).
IHHNV $\rightarrow$ Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis.
EHP $\rightarrow$ Microsporidian causing growth retardation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Viral crustacean pathology: White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV Nimaviridae) caused catastrophic 100% mortality epidemics in commercial Penaeus monodon (tiger shrimp) culture in India.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In shrimp pathology and aquaculture virology:
- White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) (Family Nimaviridae, large double-stranded DNA virus):
- The most devastating pathogen in global crustacean aquaculture, causing $100\%$ cumulative mortality within 3 to 10 days of clinical onset.
- While it infects all decapod crustaceans, it was historically most prevalent and severely damaging to the Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon), collapsing the Indian coastal aquaculture industry in the late 1990s and 2000s and eventually prompting the national diversification to SPF Litopenaeus vannamei.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Hence, WSSV has been more prevalent in Tiger shrimp, matching option (C).