Question

Which one of the following is NOT a first-line transfer of technology project of ICAR?

• A. Operational Research Project (ORP)
• B. National Demonstration (ND)
• C. Lab to Land Programme (LLP)
• D. All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP)

Hint:

First-line extension projects (ND, ORP, LLP, KVK) are designed to bridge the gap between "Lab" and "Land." AICRP, however, is a purely scientific research network used to test and release crop varieties.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
First-line Transfer of Technology (TOT) programs are extension projects directly organized by agricultural research systems (such as ICAR or state agricultural universities) to demonstrate new technologies directly to farmers and extension workers.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us classify the given projects:
- National Demonstration (ND): Launched in 1965 to show the high yield potential of new crops on farmers' fields. This is a classic first-line TOT project.
- Operational Research Project (ORP): Launched in 1974-75 to test and demonstrate technologies on a community/watershed scale. This is a first-line TOT project.
- Lab to Land Programme (LLP): Launched in 1979 to improve the economic conditions of small/marginal farmers through direct technology transfer. This is a first-line TOT project.
- All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP): These are multi-disciplinary, multi-location research networks designed for plant breeding, crop improvement, and agronomic testing across different states. They are core research programs, NOT transfer of technology extension programs.
Therefore, AICRP is not a first-line TOT project.

Step 3: Final Answer:
AICRP is the correct answer, corresponding to Option (D).