Question

Which of the following is required in CRISPR-Cas9 approach of gene editing

• A. Guide RNA
• B. Micro RNA
• C. Small RNA
• D. Long non coding RNA

Hint:

Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna were awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their development of the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing method.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a versatile gene-editing technology derived from a bacterial adaptive immune system.
It uses a customizable RNA component to direct a site-specific endonuclease to cut target DNA sequences.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- The CRISPR-Cas9 system requires two key components:
1. Cas9 Endonuclease: An enzyme that creates double-strand breaks at the targeted genomic site.
2. Guide RNA (gRNA): A designed RNA sequence consisting of a customizable crRNA sequence (complementary to the target DNA) fused to a structural tracrRNA.
- The gRNA guides the Cas9 enzyme to the complementary genomic locus, where Cas9 introduces a double-strand break to initiate gene editing.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The CRISPR-Cas9 system requires a guide RNA (gRNA) for gene editing.