Question:
What happens, when – (Give chemical equations only)
(i) Acetaldehyde reacts with Tollen’s reagent.
(ii) Formaldehyde reacts with NaOH.
(iii) Benzamide undergoes acidic hydrolysis.
What happens, when – (Give chemical equations only)
(i) Acetaldehyde reacts with Tollen’s reagent.
(ii) Formaldehyde reacts with NaOH.
(iii) Benzamide undergoes acidic hydrolysis.
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- Tollen’s test $\to$ aldehydes form silver mirror.
- Cannizzaro reaction occurs with aldehydes having no $\alpha$-H.
- Amides hydrolyze to acids + ammonium salts in acidic medium.
- Cannizzaro reaction occurs with aldehydes having no $\alpha$-H.
- Amides hydrolyze to acids + ammonium salts in acidic medium.
Updated On: Oct 7, 2025
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Solution and Explanation
(i) Acetaldehyde with Tollen’s reagent:
\[ CH_3CHO + 2[Ag(NH_3)_2]^+ + 3OH^- \;\; \longrightarrow \;\; CH_3COO^- + 2Ag \downarrow + 4NH_3 + 2H_2O \] (ii) Formaldehyde with NaOH (Cannizzaro reaction):
\[ 2HCHO + NaOH \;\; \longrightarrow \;\; HCOONa + CH_3OH \] (iii) Acidic hydrolysis of Benzamide:
\[ C_6H_5CONH_2 + H_2O + HCl \;\; \longrightarrow \;\; C_6H_5COOH + NH_4Cl \] Final Answer:
(i) Acetaldehyde $\to$ Acetate ion + Silver mirror.
(ii) Formaldehyde $\to$ Sodium formate + Methanol.
(iii) Benzamide $\to$ Benzoic acid + Ammonium chloride.
\[ CH_3CHO + 2[Ag(NH_3)_2]^+ + 3OH^- \;\; \longrightarrow \;\; CH_3COO^- + 2Ag \downarrow + 4NH_3 + 2H_2O \] (ii) Formaldehyde with NaOH (Cannizzaro reaction):
\[ 2HCHO + NaOH \;\; \longrightarrow \;\; HCOONa + CH_3OH \] (iii) Acidic hydrolysis of Benzamide:
\[ C_6H_5CONH_2 + H_2O + HCl \;\; \longrightarrow \;\; C_6H_5COOH + NH_4Cl \] Final Answer:
(i) Acetaldehyde $\to$ Acetate ion + Silver mirror.
(ii) Formaldehyde $\to$ Sodium formate + Methanol.
(iii) Benzamide $\to$ Benzoic acid + Ammonium chloride.
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