Question

The heart is the pathognomonic lesion in which disease:

• A. Bovine Viral Diarrhoea
• B. Bovine Respiratory Disease
• C. Foot and Mouth Disease
• D. Leptospirosis

Hint:

“TIGER HEART” appearance is a key diagnostic clue for Foot and Mouth Disease in young animals.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept:
A pathognomonic lesion is a specific lesion that is characteristic of a particular disease and helps in its definite diagnosis. In veterinary pathology, certain diseases are identified by unique lesions.

Step 1: Understanding Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (A)

• Affects digestive and immune systems.
• Causes ulcers in gastrointestinal tract.
• No specific heart lesion is characteristic. Thus, option (A) is incorrect.

Step 2: Understanding Bovine Respiratory Disease (B)

• Affects lungs and respiratory tract.
• Causes pneumonia and respiratory distress.
• No pathognomonic heart lesion. Thus, option (B) is incorrect.

Step 3: Understanding Foot and Mouth Disease (C)

• Caused by a viral infection.
• Produces vesicles in mouth and feet.
• In young animals, it causes “tiger heart” appearance.
• This striped degeneration of cardiac muscle is a classic pathognomonic lesion. Thus, option (C) is correct.

Step 4: Understanding Leptospirosis (D)

• A bacterial disease affecting liver and kidneys.
• Does not produce specific heart lesion. Thus, option (D) is incorrect. Final Conclusion: \[ \boxed{\text{Foot and Mouth Disease}} \]