Question:

The four quantum numbers of the valence electron of potassium are :

Updated On: Sep 4, 2024
  • $ 4,0,1,\frac{1}{2} $
  • $ 4,1,0,\frac{1}{2} $
  • $ 4,0,0,\frac{1}{2} $
  • $ 4,1,1,\frac{1}{2} $
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

The electronic configuration of potassium (At. no. 19) is: $ 1{{s}^{2}},2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{6}},3{{s}^{2}}3{{p}^{6}},4{{s}^{1}} $ The valence electron is present in $ 4{{s}^{1}}. $ Hence, quantum numbers for $ 4{{s}^{1}} $ are : n (Principal quantum no.) = 4 $ l $ (Azimuthal quantum no.) = 0 Note: for s sub shell $ l=0 $ for p sub shell $ l=1 $ for d sub shell $ l=2 $ for $ f $ sub shell $ l=3 $ m (magnetic quantum no.) = 0 The value of m depends upon $ l. $ s (spin quantum no.) $ =+\frac{1}{2}. $
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Concepts Used:

Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom

Quantum Mechanics:

Quantum mechanics is an evolving and much-advanced field of science that aims at understanding the properties of matter and objects in relation to their corresponding atomic and sub-atomic nature. It further illustrates the characteristics of the atoms, protons, electrons, and neutrons specifically and in the context of each other. It aims at studying electromagnetic radiation as well. This is a sub-part of the wider theory of quantum physics.

Read Also: Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom

Quantum Mechanical Models:

Presently, the scientific world has only two acceptable and working models of quantum mechanics. Such as,

  • The first model for the understanding and application of quantum mechanics that is acceptable currently is the Bohr Model.

The basis of this model of the Bohr is seen in terms of mathematics which is used for understanding the complex structures.

  • Another acceptable model is the Quantum Mechanics Model which has its basis in quantum theory.

This quantum theory ultimately defines the exact properties of matter over a period of time. It usually works on the uncertainty principle.