The element expected to form largest in achieve the nearest noble gas configuration.
The element expected to form largest in achieve the nearest noble gas configuration.
F
N
Na
O
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
To achieve the nearest noble gas configuration, elements tend to gain or lose electrons in their outermost shell. Let's consider the electron configurations of the given elements:
F (Fluorine): Atomic number 9 Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁵
N (Nitrogen): Atomic number 7 Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p³
Na (Sodium): Atomic number 11 Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹
O (Oxygen): Atomic number 8 Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
Nitrogen needs to gain three electrons to achieve the noble gas configuration of neon (1s² 2s² 2p⁶). Nitrogen forms largest in achieve the nearest noble gas configuration.
Therefore, The correct option is (B): N
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Concepts Used:
Modern Periodic Table
Modern Periodic Table is the tabular arrangement of the elements in increasing order of their atomic numbers. It is commonly referred to as the Long Form of the Periodic Table and is based on the modern periodic law and is the tabular arrangement of elements in increasing order of their atomic numbers (Z).
*Numbering system adopted by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
- The elements in the same group of the Modern Periodic Table have the same valence electron configuration and thus have similar chemical properties.
- The elements in the same period of the Modern Periodic Table will have an increasing order of valence electrons. Hence, the number of energy sub-levels per energy level increases as the energy level of the atom increases.
The periodic table of elements is as follows:
| Atomic number (Z) | Symbol | Name |
| 1 | H | Hydrogen |
| 2 | He | Helium |
| 3 | Li | Lithium |
| 4 | Be | Beryllium |
| 5 | B | Boron |
| 6 | C | Carbon |
| 7 | N | Nitrogen |
| 8 | O | Oxygen |
| 9 | F | Fluorine |
| 10 | Ne | Neon |
| 11 | Na | Sodium |
| 12 | Mg | Magnesium |
| 13 | Al | Aluminium |
| 14 | Si | Silicon |
| 15 | P | Phosphorus |
| 16 | S | Sulfur |
| 17 | Cl | Chlorine |
| 18 | Ar | Argon |
| 19 | K | Potassium |
| 20 | Ca | Calcium |
| 21 | Sc | Scandium |
| 22 | Ti | Titanium |
| 23 | V | Vanadium |
| 24 | Cr | Chromium |
| 25 | Mn | Manganese |
| 26 | Fe | Iron |
| 27 | Co | Cobalt |
| 28 | Ni | Nickel |
| 29 | Cu | Copper |
| 30 | Zn | Zinc |
| 31 | Ga | Gallium |
| 32 | Ge | Germanium |
| 33 | As | Arsenic |
| 34 | Se | Selenium |
| 35 | Br | Bromine |
| 36 | Kr | Krypton |
| 37 | Rb | Rubidium |
| 38 | Sr | Strontium |
| 39 | Y | Yttrium |
| 40 | Zr | Zirconium |
| 41 | Nb | Niobium |
| 42 | Mo | Molybdenum |
| 43 | Tc | Technetium |
| 44 | Ru | Ruthenium |
| 45 | Rh | Rhodium |
| 46 | Pd | Palladium |
| 47 | Ag | Silver |
| 48 | Cd | Cadmium |
| 49 | In | Indium |
| 50 | Sn | Tin |
| 51 | Sb | Antimony |
| 52 | Te | Tellurium |
| 53 | I | Iodine |
| 54 | Xe | Xenon |
| 55 | Cs | Caesium |
| 56 | Ba | Barium |
| 57 | La | Lanthanum |
| 58 | Ce | Cerium |
| 59 | Pr | Praseodymium |
| 60 | Nd | Neodymium |
| 61 | Pm | Promethium |
| 62 | Sm | Samarium |
| 63 | Eu | Europium |
| 64 | Gd | Gadolinium |
| 65 | Tb | Terbium |
| 66 | Dy | Dysprosium |
| 67 | Ho | Holmium |
| 68 | Er | Erbium |
| 69 | Tm | Thulium |
| 70 | Yb | Ytterbium |
| 71 | Lu | Lutetium |
| 72 | Hf | Hafnium |
| 73 | Ta | Tantalum |
| 74 | W | Tungsten |
| 75 | Re | Rhenium |
| 76 | Os | Osmium |
| 77 | Ir | Iridium |
| 78 | Pt | Platinum |
| 79 | Au | Gold |
| 80 | Hg | Mercury |
| 81 | Tl | Thallium |
| 82 | Pb | Lead |
| 83 | Bi | Bismuth |
| 84 | Po | Polonium |
| 85 | At | Astatine |
| 86 | Rn | Radon |
| 87 | Fr | Francium |
| 88 | Ra | Radium |
| 89 | Ac | Actinium |
| 90 | Th | Thorium |
| 91 | Pa | Protactinium |
| 92 | U | Uranium |
| 93 | Np | Neptunium |
| 94 | Pu | Plutonium |
| 95 | Am | Americium |
| 96 | Cm | Curium |
| 97 | Bk | Berkelium |
| 98 | Cf | Californium |
| 99 | Es | Einsteinium |
| 100 | Fm | Fermium |
| 101 | Md | Mendelevium |
| 102 | No | Nobelium |
| 103 | Lr | Lawrencium |
| 104 | Rf | Rutherfordium |
| 105 | Db | Dubnium |
| 106 | Sg | Seaborgium |
| 107 | Bh | Bohrium |
| 108 | Hs | Hassium |
| 109 | Mt | Meitnerium |
| 110 | Ds | Darmstadtium |
| 111 | Rg | Roentgenium |
| 112 | Cn | Copernicium |
| 113 | Nh | Nihonium |
| 114 | Fl | Flerovium |
| 115 | Mc | Moscovium |
| 116 | Lv | Livermorium |
| 117 | Ts | Tennessine |
| 118 | Og | Oganesson |
Read More: Periodic Classification of Elements