Question:

The conversion of nitriles to aldehydes with stannous chloride in presence of $HCl$ is known as

Updated On: May 19, 2022
  • Rosenmund reduction
  • Stephen reduction
  • Etard reaction
  • Wolf Kishner reduction
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The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

When reduction of nitrites is specifically carried out with $SnCl _{2} / HCl$, it is called Stephens method.
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Concepts Used:

Preparation

Preparation of Aldehydes:

  • In the presence of palladium catalyst spread on barium sulfate, Acid chlorides are reduced to aldehydes with hydrogen .
  • This is known as Rosenmund reduction. It is mostly used for the preparation of aromatic aldehydes.

Preparation of Ketones:

  • Acid chlorides on reaction with dialkyl cadmium form ketones. Grignard reagents are used in the preparation of Dialkyl cadmium.
  • 2R-Mg-X + CdCl2 → R2Cd + 2 Mg(X)Cl
  • 2RCOCl + R2Cd → 2R-CO-R + CdCl2
  • The mixed ketones are prepared very conveniently.

Preparation of Carboxylic Acids:

  • Primary alcohols are readily oxidized to carboxylic acids with common oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate in neutral acidic or alkaline media or by potassium dichromate and chromium trioxide in acidic media.
  • RCH2OH → RCOOH
  • CH3(CH2)8CH2OH → CH3(CH2)8COOH

Read More: Aldehydes, Ketone, and Carboxylic Acids