Concept:
Positivism emphasizes scientific observation, objectivity, and measurable facts in the study of society and human behaviour.
Step 1:
The statement says that human behaviour can be measured objectively like physical matter.
Step 2:
Positivism argues that social phenomena should be studied scientifically using observation and measurement.
Step 3:
Positivist thinkers believe society follows laws that can be scientifically analyzed.
Step 4:
• Calvinism and Protestantism are religious ideas.
• Behaviourism focuses on behaviour but the statement specifically reflects scientific positivism.
Step 5:
Therefore, the correct answer is Positivist.
\[
\boxed{\text{(1) Positivist}}
\]