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Study the passage below and answer the questions.
With will and vision, India's energy prospects can be changed from grim to green, and the world will benefit as a result, At 571 kWh per capita, India's electricity consumption is one-fifth of China's (2,631 kWh) and less than one - twentieth of the USA's (12,914 kWh). India's electricity demand will only grow. Solar electricity today at Rs.7.50 a kWh is economical compared with subsidised diesel generated power at roughly Rs.15 a unit, but more expensive than coal - based electricity at about Rs.6 And, in any case, India has ash - rich coal. What is the true cost of coal - based power? Prices are distorted by subsidies, State boundaries, vote - bank politics, and uncharged carbon - emission costs. Can India leapfrog into a clean - energy future rather than extend the conventional grid with fossil fuels at its core? In a nation blessed with abundant sunlight, to what extent should electricity be a networking service at all? Could India tap ambient solar energy for most of its needs? India's single - minded focus should be massive and rapid solar deployment, not only through utility - scale solar plants, but also through distributed generation, household - by - household, nationwide. Electricity in Indian homes should be roof top - to - room and solar based with energy self - sufficiency as the goal; the grid can complement and serve as back - up where available. Anchored with solar, the solutions may include combinations with bio - diesel, batteries, wind, biogas, micro - hydro, etc. At night or when the sun is behind clouds, alternative yet local sources can assure electricity. Once solar energy takes root, India will need less of the colossal and wasteful transmission, distribution and generation infrastructure except for industrial operations such as running factories and trains.
With will and vision, India's energy prospects can be changed from grim to green, and the world will benefit as a result, At 571 kWh per capita, India's electricity consumption is one-fifth of China's (2,631 kWh) and less than one - twentieth of the USA's (12,914 kWh). India's electricity demand will only grow. Solar electricity today at Rs.7.50 a kWh is economical compared with subsidised diesel generated power at roughly Rs.15 a unit, but more expensive than coal - based electricity at about Rs.6 And, in any case, India has ash - rich coal. What is the true cost of coal - based power? Prices are distorted by subsidies, State boundaries, vote - bank politics, and uncharged carbon - emission costs. Can India leapfrog into a clean - energy future rather than extend the conventional grid with fossil fuels at its core? In a nation blessed with abundant sunlight, to what extent should electricity be a networking service at all? Could India tap ambient solar energy for most of its needs? India's single - minded focus should be massive and rapid solar deployment, not only through utility - scale solar plants, but also through distributed generation, household - by - household, nationwide. Electricity in Indian homes should be roof top - to - room and solar based with energy self - sufficiency as the goal; the grid can complement and serve as back - up where available. Anchored with solar, the solutions may include combinations with bio - diesel, batteries, wind, biogas, micro - hydro, etc. At night or when the sun is behind clouds, alternative yet local sources can assure electricity. Once solar energy takes root, India will need less of the colossal and wasteful transmission, distribution and generation infrastructure except for industrial operations such as running factories and trains.
Question: 1
Which of the following factors is/ are favouring India's transition to a clean energy future?
A) India has abundant sunlight.
B) India's electricity consumption is less than China's or the USA's?
C) India has ash - rich coal
Which of the following factors is/ are favouring India's transition to a clean energy future?
A) India has abundant sunlight.
B) India's electricity consumption is less than China's or the USA's?
C) India has ash - rich coal
A) India has abundant sunlight.
B) India's electricity consumption is less than China's or the USA's?
C) India has ash - rich coal
Updated On: Sep 26, 2024
- A only
- A & B
- A & C
- C only
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
A. is true: India's abundant sunlight is a significant factor favoring the transition to a clean energy future.
B. is not a favorable factor for clean energy; the lower electricity consumption compared to China and the USA doesn't inherently support a clean energy transition.
C. about ash-rich coal is not presented as a favorable factor; instead, it raises questions about the true cost of coal-based power.
Thus, A is the only statement that supports India’s transition to a clean energy future.The correct option is (A): A only
B. is not a favorable factor for clean energy; the lower electricity consumption compared to China and the USA doesn't inherently support a clean energy transition.
C. about ash-rich coal is not presented as a favorable factor; instead, it raises questions about the true cost of coal-based power.
Thus, A is the only statement that supports India’s transition to a clean energy future.The correct option is (A): A only
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Question: 2
It is implied in the passage that
It is implied in the passage that
Updated On: Sep 26, 2024
- 'electricity - for - all' should be the Government's motto
- traditional electric power should be replaced by solar electric power in India
- if India transforms itself into a clearn energy country, the rest of the world would benefit due to additional electricity available to them
- All these
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
A. is not explicitly stated or implied in the passage; the focus is more on solar energy deployment rather than a broad motto like "electricity-for-all."
B. is implied as the passage discusses the need for massive and rapid solar deployment to replace traditional power sources.
C. is not directly supported in the passage; while it mentions that the world will benefit from India’s green energy transition, it does not claim that additional electricity will be available for others.
Therefore, B is the best choice as it accurately reflects the passage's implication regarding the transition to solar power.The correct option is (B): traditional electric power should be replaced by solar electric power in India
B. is implied as the passage discusses the need for massive and rapid solar deployment to replace traditional power sources.
C. is not directly supported in the passage; while it mentions that the world will benefit from India’s green energy transition, it does not claim that additional electricity will be available for others.
Therefore, B is the best choice as it accurately reflects the passage's implication regarding the transition to solar power.The correct option is (B): traditional electric power should be replaced by solar electric power in India
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Question: 3
It is not implied in the passage that
A) India should switch over completely to solar power by installing solar powerkits in every household.
B) by installing solar panels on every roof top, India could make power grids redundant.
C) per capita energy consumption in China is higher than that in India
It is not implied in the passage that
A) India should switch over completely to solar power by installing solar powerkits in every household.
B) by installing solar panels on every roof top, India could make power grids redundant.
C) per capita energy consumption in China is higher than that in India
A) India should switch over completely to solar power by installing solar powerkits in every household.
B) by installing solar panels on every roof top, India could make power grids redundant.
C) per capita energy consumption in China is higher than that in India
Updated On: Sep 26, 2024
- A & B
- B & C
- A & C
- A, B & C
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
A. is not implied in the passage, as it does not advocate for a complete switch to solar power with individual kits in every household.
B. is also not directly supported; while solar panels could reduce reliance on traditional power grids, the passage doesn’t explicitly say they would make them completely redundant.
C. is indeed implied, as the passage compares energy consumption in India and China.The correct option is (A): A & B
B. is also not directly supported; while solar panels could reduce reliance on traditional power grids, the passage doesn’t explicitly say they would make them completely redundant.
C. is indeed implied, as the passage compares energy consumption in India and China.The correct option is (A): A & B
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Question: 4
It can be inferred from the passage that
It can be inferred from the passage that
Updated On: Sep 26, 2024
- India is the third - largest producer of electricity in the world
- solar electricity is not necessarily more expensive than coal - based electricity
- as of today India, as a country, has energy self - sufficiency
- All these
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
A. is not stated or implied in the passage; it does not mention India's ranking as a producer of electricity.
B. can be inferred from the passage since it compares the costs of solar electricity (Rs. 7.50) to coal-based electricity (about Rs. 6) and subsidized diesel (Rs. 15). While solar is more expensive than coal currently, the passage suggests that this can change, indicating that solar can be economical under certain conditions.
C. is also not supported; the passage discusses the goal of energy self-sufficiency but does not claim that India has achieved it as of today.
Thus, the best inference from the passage is B.The correct option is (B): solar electricity is not necessarily more expensive than coal - based electricity
B. can be inferred from the passage since it compares the costs of solar electricity (Rs. 7.50) to coal-based electricity (about Rs. 6) and subsidized diesel (Rs. 15). While solar is more expensive than coal currently, the passage suggests that this can change, indicating that solar can be economical under certain conditions.
C. is also not supported; the passage discusses the goal of energy self-sufficiency but does not claim that India has achieved it as of today.
Thus, the best inference from the passage is B.The correct option is (B): solar electricity is not necessarily more expensive than coal - based electricity
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Top Questions on Reading Comprehension
- Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed human life with innovations ranging from personalized recommendations to breakthroughs in healthcare and education. Despite these advances, experts warn about AI’s potential destructiveness if left unchecked. Au- tonomous systems, such as self-driving cars, could cause accidents due to unforeseen errors. Additionally, AI-powered surveillance systems pose risks to privacy and civil liberties, as governments and corporations might misuse them to monitor individuals.
One of the gravest concerns is the development of autonomous weapons, which could make life-and-death decisions without human oversight, leading to ethical dilemmas and potential large-scale harm. Furthermore, AI systems can perpetuate biases, resulting in unfair outcomes in hiring, credit allocation, and judicial decisions.
Efforts to address these concerns include the formulation of ethical guidelines, the promotion of transparency in AI systems, and the regulation of AI applications. Collab- oration between policymakers, technologists, and ethicists is crucial to ensure AI remains a force for good. However, as AI continues to evolve rapidly, striking a balance between innovation and responsibility remains an ongoing challenge.- CAT - 2024
- Verbal Ability & Reading Comprehension (VARC)
- Reading Comprehension
- As the weather changes, everyone is prone to colds and coughs. While we have all heard about the benefits of vitamin C for colds, few of us are aware of a secret solution– Zinc! Zinc is helpful as it can reduce the severity and duration of respiratory tract infections. It soothes sore throats with its anti-inflammatory properties. It plays a pivotal role in supporting various functions of the body like the immune system, wound healing and maintaining overall health. It prevents viruses from growing in the body. Zinc is also known to boost the immune system and fight infections. Notably, zinc is a vital mineral found in a variety of plant and animal foods. When consuming zinc-rich foods during a cough and cold, prioritise moderation and diversity in your diet. Include lean meats, poultry, sea food, dairy, nuts and seeds. Combine zinc-rich foods with vitamin C sources for enhanced immune support. Phytates, a substance found in unprocessed whole grains hinder the absorption of zinc, thereby making it less avail able for the body to utilise. Hence, vegetarians should follow some cooking techniques such as soaking them for 5-6 hours to reduce the phytate content and increase the bioavailability of zinc. Organic acids in fermented foods aid in higher absorption, so always include foods in your diet like buttermilk and yogurt along with some zinc-rich vegetarian sources. It is important to remember that a higher dosage of zinc supplement inhibits the absorption of other minerals. Therefore, it is always good to check with the healthcare professionals while taking supplements. Stay hydrated, choose cooking methods that preserve zinc, and be aware of factors like phytates affecting absorption.
- CUET (UG) - 2024
- English
- Reading Comprehension
- Read the passage carefully and answer the question given below by selecting the correct option:
On September 30, 2001, I (Dr APJ Abdul Kalam) found myself on a journey from Ranchi to Bokaro in Jharkhand. The helicopter carrying me crashed just before landing, its engine failing with a thud upon impact. Miraculously, all on board escaped unharmed. Grateful to God, I proceeded with my scheduled programme in Bokaro, unfazed by the incident. That night, doctors suggested a tranquilliser to ease perceived shock, leading to an early and disturbed sleep, filled with contemplation.
Amidst this intense dream, I stood in a moonlit desert with five revered figures: Mahatma Gandhi, Albert Einstein, Emperor Asoka, Abraham Lincoln, and Caliph Omar. Asoka’s reflection on the Kalinga war symbolised a shift from conquest to compassion, inspiring a doctrine of non-violence, Ahimsa Dharma.
In this profound dream-conversation, these figures shared wisdom on humanity’s deep divisions caused by violence. They emphasised peace, equality, and the significance of ethical values in human consciousness. Asoka, having witnessed the consequences of his victories, highlighted the futility of causing suffering and the triumph of a peaceful kingdom.
Awakening from this vivid dream, I contemplated the contrasting forces of good and destruction in the world. The challenges faced by humanity, from conflicts to natural disasters and terrorism, prompted deep reflection. Yet, despite these challenges, I held a determined belief
in finding an everlasting solution.
Motivated by this dream and a desire to contribute to the greater good, I made a significant decision. Shifting focus from my scientific career, awards, and teams, I aimed to discover India’s true essence in its children. This marked a transcendence of personal achievements, emphasising the importance of nurturing enlightened individuals and fostering the inner, higher self in the youth. My commitment was to contribute to the enduring intelligence of India through meaningful interaction with joyous, young minds.
APJ Abdul Kalam ’Ignited Minds’- CUET (UG) - 2024
- English
- Reading Comprehension
- Read the passage carefully and answer the question given below by selecting the correct option:
Five a Day
A new study backs up the long-standing nutritional guideline that consuming five daily servings of a variety of fruits and vegetables is linked to longevity. People who daily consumed specifically two fruits and three vegetables had a 12 per cent lower risk of death from car- diovascular disease, a 10 per cent lower risk from cancer, and a 35 per cent lower risk from respiratory disease, compared with people who ate just two daily servings.
One ’serving’ is 125 millilitres of any vegetables or fruits, or 250 millilitres of salad greens. You get the same beneficial vitamins, minerals and fibre in both, but vegetables are lower in calories and sugar, which is why the guidelines recommend higher consumption levels for them. The findings included two studies of more than 1,00,000 American men and women who were followed for up to 30 years. Those studies were then added to 24 other studies from across the globe to conduct one large meta-analysis on more than 1.8 million participants. Variety is the key, because different fruits and vegetables contain different beneficial nutrients and antioxidants. Almost all fruits and vegetables were associated with lower mortality, but there were exceptions. Fruit juices and starchy vegetables such as peas, corn, and potatoes were not associated with reduced risk of death or chronic diseases. It may be due to their higher glycaemic load.
Your five daily servings can be met from a variety of fresh, frozen or canned fruits and vegetables, whether conventional or organic. Whichever options are available, affordable, and appealing are good choices.
Studies show that freezing and canning preserves nutrients, which makes these foods even more nutrient-dense than their fresh counterparts. They are good options for people whose barriers to consuming enough servings per day include the high cost, low access, poor quality and lack of variety of fresh fruits and vegetables.- CUET (UG) - 2024
- English
- Reading Comprehension
- Read the passage and answer the question given below by selecting the correct option:
A recent study by researchers from Basel University and Munich Technical University challenges prior beliefs about the influence of different light colours on the human body’s internal clock and sleep-wake rhythm. Unlike a previous study conducted on mice, this one suggests,
that light colour may be less critical for the internal clock than originally thought.
Vision involves a complex process of perceiving various light wavelengths as colours and brightness in the brain. Photoreceptors in the retina convert light into electrical impulses, transmitted to ganglion cells in the retina and to the visual cortex in the brain. Specialised ganglion cells play a significant role in the internal clock, being sensitive to short-wavelength light at around 490 nanometers, perceived as blue. When activated by short-wavelength light, these cells signal “it’s daytime” to the internal clock.
To explore the influence of light colour on the internal clock, the researchers exposed 16 healthy volunteers to blueish or yellowish light stimuli for one hour in late evening with a white light stimulus as a control condition. The light stimuli were designed to selectively activate the colour-sensitive cones in the retina, while maintaining consistent stimulation of the light-sensitive ganglion cells in all conditions. This allowed the researchers to directly check effects of light on the respective cone stimulation and, the colour of the light.
Contrary to the findings in mice, the study suggests that the colour of light, as encoded by the cones, may not significantly influence the human internal clock and sleep-wake rhythm. The current research contradicts the earlier finding that yellowish light had a stronger influence on the internal clock than blueish light. The results, published in “Nature Human Behaviour”, imply that while light intensity and exposure duration remain crucial factors, the colour of light may not play as significant a role in influencing sleep and circadian rhythms as previously believed.- CUET (UG) - 2024
- English
- Reading Comprehension
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