Question

Match the following:  
 
List-I 
A. Plants – Herbivores 
B. Mycorrhiza – Plants 
C. Sheep – Cattle 
D. Orchid – Tree 

List-II 
I. Commensalism 
II. Mutualism 
III. Predation 
IV. Competition 
V. Parasitism

• A. A-II, B-II, C-I, D-V
• B. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
• C. A-II, B-I, C-II, D-V
• D. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

Hint:

Orchid on mango tree is a classic example of commensalism, while mycorrhiza represents mutualism and herbivory is treated as a form of predation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: Species interactions play an important role in ecology. Depending on benefits and harms experienced by organisms, interactions are classified as mutualism, predation, competition, commensalism and parasitism.

Step 1: Match Plants -- Herbivores. Herbivores consume plant tissues. One organism benefits while the other is harmed. This interaction is a form of predation. \[ A \rightarrow III \]

Step 2: Match Mycorrhiza -- Plants. Fungi obtain carbohydrates from plants. Plants receive water and minerals. Both partners benefit. \[ B \rightarrow II \]

Step 3: Match Sheep -- Cattle. Both utilize similar grazing resources. Competition occurs when organisms require the same limited resources. \[ C \rightarrow IV \]

Step 4: Match Orchid -- Tree. Orchid grows on tree branches for support. The orchid benefits while the tree remains unaffected. This is commensalism. \[ D \rightarrow I \]

Step 5: Final matching. \[ A-III,\quad B-II,\quad C-IV,\quad D-I \] Hence option (B) is correct.