Concept:
Major international airports are often named after the founding fathers or significant political leaders of a nation. This question tests knowledge of Pakistan's geography and its primary transportation hubs.
Step 1: Origin of the Name.
The airport is named after Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who is known as the Quaid-e-Azam (Great Leader) and was the founder of Pakistan. Since he was born in Karachi and it was the first capital of Pakistan, it is the logical location for the country's largest and busiest airport to bear his name.
$\text{Muhammad Ali Jinnah} \rightarrow \text{Founder of Pakistan}$
Step 2: Identifying the Location.
Jinnah International Airport (IATA code: KHI) is situated in Karachi, which is the most populous city in Pakistan and the capital of the Sindh province. It serves as the primary hub for the national flag carrier, Pakistan International Airlines (PIA).
Step 3: Contrasting with other cities.
• Lahore: Features the Allama Iqbal International Airport.
• Islamabad: Features the Islamabad International Airport.
• Peshawar: Features the Bacha Khan International Airport.
Therefore, Karachi is the specific city associated with Jinnah International.
Final Answer: Option C