Number of compounds with one lone pair of electrons on central atom amongst following is
\(CIF_3, XeO_3, BrF_5, XeF_4, O_3, NH_3\),\( H_2O\)
\(CIF_3, XeO_3, BrF_5, XeF_4, O_3, NH_3\),\( H_2O\)
Correct Answer: 4
Approach Solution - 1
1. CIF₃ (Chlorine trifluoride)
Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons. It forms 3 bonds with F atoms → uses 3 electrons. Remaining = 7 – 3 = 4 electrons = 2 lone pairs.
→ **2 lone pairs on Cl**
2. XeO₃ (Xenon trioxide)
Xenon (Xe) has 8 valence electrons. Each oxygen forms a double bond, using 6 electrons in total (3 × 2). Used 6 electrons → 8 – 6 = 2 electrons = 1 lone pair.
→ **1 lone pair on Xe**
3. BrF₅ (Bromine pentafluoride)
Bromine (Br) has 7 valence electrons. Forms 5 bonds with F → uses 5 electrons. Remaining 7 – 5 = 2 electrons = 1 lone pair.
→ **1 lone pair on Br**
4. XeF₄ (Xenon tetrafluoride)
Xenon (Xe) has 8 valence electrons. Forms 4 bonds with F → uses 4 electrons. Remaining 8 – 4 = 4 electrons = 2 lone pairs.
→ **2 lone pairs on Xe**
5. O₃ (Ozone)
Central O has 6 valence electrons. It forms one single and one double bond (resonance). Bonds use 3 pairs = 6 electrons → 6 – 4 = 2 electrons = 1 lone pair.
→ **1 lone pair on central O**
6. NH₃ (Ammonia)
Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. Forms 3 bonds with H → uses 3 electrons. Remaining 2 electrons = 1 lone pair.
→ **1 lone pair on N**
7. H₂O (Water)
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons. Forms 2 bonds with H → uses 2 electrons. Remaining 4 electrons = 2 lone pairs.
→ **2 lone pairs on O**
Step 5: Count of Compounds with One Lone Pair
Compounds with exactly one lone pair on central atom: \[ \text{XeO}_3, \; \text{BrF}_5, \; \text{O}_3, \; \text{NH}_3 \] Total = **4**
Final Answer:
\[ \boxed{4} \]
Approach Solution -2
To determine the number of compounds with one lone pair on the central atom, let’s examine each compound:
- O3: Contains one lone pair on the central oxygen atom.
- H2O: Contains two lone pairs on the central oxygen atom.
- SF4: Contains one lone pair on the sulfur atom.
- ClF3: Contains two lone pairs on the chlorine atom.
- NH3: Contains one lone pair on the nitrogen atom.
- BrF5: Contains one lone pair on the bromine atom.
- XeF4: Contains two lone pairs on the xenon atom.
From the above, the compounds with exactly one lone pair on the central atom are: O3, SF4, NH3, and BrF5.
Total: 4 Compounds
So, the correct answer is: 4
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