Question:
Fungal dimorphism is exhibited by
Fungal dimorphism is exhibited by
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A standard rule for systemic dimorphic fungi is: "Yeast at $37^\circ\text{C}$ (in the host tissue) and Mold at $25^\circ\text{C}$ (in the environment/culture)."
Updated On: Aug 24, 2026
- Candida albicans
- Cryptococcus neoformans
- Malassezia pachydermatis
- Trichophyton verrucosum
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Dimorphic fungi are fungi that can exist in two distinct morphological forms, typically changing form in response to environmental conditions (such as temperature, nutrients, or CO$_2$ levels).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the morphology of the listed fungi:
- Candida albicans: A highly adaptive, opportunistic pathogen that exhibits dimorphism (polymorphism). It grows as unicellular budding yeast cells at lower temperatures/acidic pH, and transitions into hyphae or pseudohyphae forms (multicellular mold-like structures) inside host tissues at $37^\circ\text{C}$ to facilitate invasion.
- Cryptococcus neoformans: Exists exclusively as an encapsulated budding yeast form in both tissue and culture.
- Malassezia pachydermatis: A lipophilic yeast that does not form true hyphae under standard pathological conditions.
- Trichophyton verrucosum: A dermatophyte that exists primarily as a filamentous mold producing arthroconidia.
Therefore, Candida albicans exhibits fungal dimorphism.
Step 3: Final Answer
The correct option is (A).
Dimorphic fungi are fungi that can exist in two distinct morphological forms, typically changing form in response to environmental conditions (such as temperature, nutrients, or CO$_2$ levels).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the morphology of the listed fungi:
- Candida albicans: A highly adaptive, opportunistic pathogen that exhibits dimorphism (polymorphism). It grows as unicellular budding yeast cells at lower temperatures/acidic pH, and transitions into hyphae or pseudohyphae forms (multicellular mold-like structures) inside host tissues at $37^\circ\text{C}$ to facilitate invasion.
- Cryptococcus neoformans: Exists exclusively as an encapsulated budding yeast form in both tissue and culture.
- Malassezia pachydermatis: A lipophilic yeast that does not form true hyphae under standard pathological conditions.
- Trichophyton verrucosum: A dermatophyte that exists primarily as a filamentous mold producing arthroconidia.
Therefore, Candida albicans exhibits fungal dimorphism.
Step 3: Final Answer
The correct option is (A).
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