Due to -I and -R effects of -N02 group, nitrobenzoic acids are stronger acids than benzoic acid. Due to ortho-effect, o-nitrobenzoic acid is the strongest acid. In p-nitrobenzoic acid, both - R effect and -I effect of the $-NO_2$ group increase the acidity while in m-nitrobenzoic acid only the weaker - I effect increases the acid_ity. Hence, o-nitrobenzoic acid > p-nitrobenzoic acid > m-nitrobenzoic acid > benzoic acid.
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Top Questions on Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids are carbonyl compounds that contain a carbon-oxygen double bond. These organic compounds are very important in the field of organic chemistry and also have many industrial applications.
Aldehydes:
Aldehydes are organic compounds that have the functional group -CHO.
Preparation of Aldehydes
Acid chlorides are reduced to aldehydes with hydrogen in the presence of palladium catalyst spread on barium sulfate.
Ketones:
Ketones are organic compounds that have the functional group C=O and the structure R-(C=O)-R’.
Preparation of Ketones
Acid chlorides on reaction with dialkyl cadmium produce ketones. Dialkyl cadmium themselves are prepared from Grignard reagents.
Carboxylic Acid:
Carboxylic acids are organic compounds that contain a (C=O)OH group attached to an R group (where R refers to the remaining part of the molecule).
Preparation of Carboxylic Acids
Primary alcohols are readily oxidized to carboxylic acids with common oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate in neutral acidic or alkaline media or by potassium dichromate and chromium trioxide in acidic media.
