Acetic acid dissociates 1.3%. What will be the pH of \(\frac {N}{10}\) solution of the acid.
Acetic acid dissociates 1.3%. What will be the pH of \(\frac {N}{10}\) solution of the acid.
- 2.886
- 2.066
- 1.3
- 2.086
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
\(\begin{matrix}CH_{3}COOH&\rightleftharpoons&CH_{3}COO^{-}&+\,H^{+}\,\left(\text{weak acid}\right)\\ C&&0&0\,\left(\text{initially}\right)\\ C\left(1-\alpha\right)&&C\alpha&C\alpha\,\left(\text{at equilibrium}\right)\end{matrix}\)
Given, concentration \(\left(C\right)=\frac{N}{10}\)
degree of dissociation \(\left(\alpha\right)=\frac{1.3}{100}\)
\(\left[H^{+}\right]=\) Concentration \(\left(C\right) ×\) degree of
dissociation \(\left(α\right)\)
\(\left[H^{+}\right]=\frac{1.3}{100}\times\frac{1}{10}=1.3 \times 10^{-3}\)
Thus, \(pH=-log\left[H^{+}\right]\)
\(=-log\left(1.3 \times 10^{-3}\right)\)
\(=-log\left(0.0013\right)\)
\(=-\left(-2.88\right)=2.88\)
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Concepts Used:
Acids and Bases
Acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance. Base is an ion or molecule capable of accepting a hydrogen ion from acid.
Physical Properties of Acids and Bases
| Physical Properties | ACIDS | BASES |
| Taste | Sour | Bitter |
| Colour on Litmus paper | Turns blue litmus red | Turns red litmus blue |
| Ions produced on dissociation | H+ | OH- |
| pH | <7 (less than 7) | >7 (more than 7) |
| Strong acids | HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 | NaOH, KOH |
| Weak Acids | CH3COOH, H3PO4, H2CO3 | NH4OH |
Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases
| Type of Reaction | Acid | Bases |
| Reaction with Metals | Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas (H2) E.g., Zn(s)+ dil. H2SO4 → ZnSO4 (Zinc Sulphate) + H2 | Base + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas (H2) E.g., 2NaOH +Zn → Na2ZnO2 (Sodium zincate) + H2 |
| Reaction with hydrogen carbonates (bicarbonate) and carbonates | Metal carbonate/Metal hydrogen carbonate + Acid → Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water E.g., HCl+NaOH → NaCl+ H2O 2. Na2CO3+ 2 HCl(aq) →2NaCl(aq)+ H2O(l) + CO2(g) 3. Na2CO3+ 2H2SO4(aq) →2Na2SO4(aq)+ H2O(l) + CO2(g) 4. NaHCO3+ HCl → NaCl+ H2O+ CO2 | Base+ Carbonate/ bicarbonate → No reaction |
| Neutralisation Reaction | Base + Acid → Salt + Water E.g., NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) | Base + Acid → Salt + Water E.g., CaO+ HCl (l) → CaCl2 (aq)+ H2O (l) |
| Reaction with Oxides | Metal oxide + Acid → Salt + Water E.g., CaO+ HCl (l) → CaCl2 (aq)+ H2O (l) | Non- Metallic oxide + Base → Salt + Water E.g., Ca(OH)2+ CO2 → CaCO3+ H2O |
| Dissolution in Water | Acid gives H+ ions in water. E.g., HCl → H+ + Cl- HCl + H2O → H3O+ + Cl– | Base gives OH- ions in water. |
Read more on Acids, Bases and Salts
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