Question

Match List-I (Reservoirs of Earth System) with List-II (Process for Carbon Cycling)
 

List-I (Reservoir)	List-II (Process for Carbon Cycling)
A. Mantle	III. Volcanism
B. Biosphere	II. Photosynthesis
C. Crust	IV. Subduction
D. Atmosphere and Oceans	I. Burial

• A. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
• B. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
• C. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
• D. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Hint:

Remember the carbon cycle pathway: Mantle releases carbon via Volcanism \(\to\) absorbed by Photosynthesis \(\to\) buried in Crust \(\to\) returned to mantle via Subduction. This forms a complete geological carbon loop.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: The carbon cycle describes exchange of carbon between Earth's major reservoirs through geological and biological processes:
• Volcanism: Carbon stored deep in the mantle is released as CO\(_2\) through volcanic eruptions.
• Subduction: Tectonic plate subduction carries carbon-rich material from the surface back into the mantle.
• Burial: Organic carbon in the crust is preserved long-term through burial (forming fossil fuels).
• Photosynthesis: Living organisms in the biosphere absorb CO\(_2\) from the atmosphere and oceans and fix it as organic carbon.

Step 1: Match Mantle with its process.
The mantle releases stored carbon through Volcanism. \[ \text{A. Mantle} \;\longrightarrow\; \text{III. Volcanism} \]

Step 2: Match Biosphere with its process.
The biosphere's surface carbon is returned to the mantle via tectonic Subduction. \[ \text{B. Biosphere} \;\longrightarrow\; \text{IV. Subduction} \]

Step 3: Match Crust with its process.
Organic matter in the crust is preserved through Burial. \[ \text{C. Crust} \;\longrightarrow\; \text{I. Burial} \]

Step 4: Match Atmosphere and Oceans with its process.
CO\(_2\) in the atmosphere and oceans is absorbed by plants via Photosynthesis. \[ \text{D. Atmosphere and Oceans} \;\longrightarrow\; \text{II. Photosynthesis} \]

Step 5: Confirm the final match.
A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II \(\Rightarrow\) Option (2).