List of top Physics Questions on electrostatic potential and capacitance asked in JEE Main

An electric charge \(10^{-6} \, \mu C\) is placed at the origin (0, 0) of an X-Y coordinate system. Two points P and Q are situated at \((\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{3}) \, \text{mm}\) and \((\sqrt{6}, 0) \, \text{mm}\) respectively. The potential difference between the points P and Q will be:

A parallel plate capacitor with plate area A and plate separation d is filed with a dielectric material of dielectric constant K = 4. The thickness of the dielectric material is x, where \(x < d\).

Let C₁ and C₂ be the capacitance of the system for \(x=\frac{1}{3d}\) and \(x=\frac{2d}{3}\), respectively. If \(C_1 = 2μF\), the value of C₂ is __________μF.

A capacitor of capacitance $900\, \mu F$ is charged by a $100\, V$ battery The capacitor is disconnected from the battery and connected to another uncharged identical capacitor such that one plate of uncharged capacitor connected to positive plate and another plate of uncharged capacitor connected to negative plate of the charged capacitor The loss of energy in this process is measured as $x \times 10^{-2} J$ The value of $x$ is ______

A parallel plate capacitor with air between the plate has a capacitance of $15\, pF$ The separation between the plate becomes twice and the space between them is filled with a medium of dielectric constant $3.5$. Then the capacitance becomes $\frac{x}{4} pF$ The value of $x$ is _______

Which of the following correctly represents the variation of electric potential (V) of a charged spherical conductor of radius (R) with radial distance (r) from the center?

Potential at the surface of a uniformly charged non-conducting sphere is V. Then the potential at its centre is

Find the energy stored in the capacitor in a given circuit. 

As shown in the figure, a point charge $Q$ is placed at the centre of conducting spherical shell of inner radius $a$ and outer radius $b$. The electric field due to charge $Q$ in three different regions I, II and III is given by: (I: r $<$ a, II: $a $<$ r $<$ b$, III: $r$>$b)$

A point charge of $10\, \mu C$ is placed at the origin At what location on the $X$-axis should a point charge of $40 \, \mu C$ be placed so that the net electric field is zero at $x=2 \, cm$ on the $X$-axis?

A capacitor has capacitance $5 \mu F$ when it's parallel plates are separated by air medium of thickness d A slab of material of dielectric constant $15$ having area equal to that of plates but thickness $\frac{d}{2}$ is inserted between the plates Capacitance of the capacitor in the presence of slab will be ___$\mu F$

If the total charge stored in capacitors is equal to 100μc, then find the value of x. (10V)

The total charge on the system of capacitors C₁ = 1 μF, C₂ = 2 μF, C₃ = 4 μF and C₄ = 3 μF, connected in parallel is :
(Assume a battery of 20 V is connected to the combination)

A composite parallel plate capacitor is made up of two different dielectric materials with different thickness (t₁ and t₂) as shown in figure. The two different dielectric materials are separated by a conducting foil F. The voltage of the conducting foil is _____V.

A slab of dielectric constant K has the same cross-sectional area as the plates of a parallel plate capacitor and thickness (3/4)d, where d is the separation of the plates. The capacitance of the capacitor when the slab is inserted between the plates will be: 

(Given \(C_0\) = capacitance of capacitor with air as medium between plates.)

Two capacitors having capacitance C₁ and C₂ respectively are connected as shown in figure. Initially, capacitor C₁ is charged to a potential difference V volt by a battery. The battery is then removed and the charged capacitor C₁ is now connected to uncharged capacitor C₂ by closing the switch S. The amount of charge on the capacitor C₂, after equilibrium, is

A condenser of 2μF capacitance is charged steadily from 0 to 5 C.Which of the following graph represents correctly the variation of potential difference (V) across it’s plates with respect to the charge (Q) on the condenser?

A capacitor of capacitance \(50pF\) is charged by \(100 V\) source. It is then connected to another uncharged identical capacitor. Electrostatic energy loss in the process is _____ nJ.

A wire of resistance $R_1$ is drawn out so that its length is increased by twice of its original length The ratio of new resistance to original resistance is:

The total charge on the system of capacitance $C _1=1\, \mu F , C _2=2 \,\mu F , C _3=4 \,\mu F $ and $C _4=3\, \mu F$ connected in parallel is (Assume a battery of $20 \,V$ is connected to the combination)

In a series LR circuit $X_L=R$ and power factor of the circuit is $P _1$ When capacitor with capacitance $C$ such that $X _{ L }= X _{ C }$ is put in series, the power factor becomes $P _2$ The ratio $\frac{ P _1}{ P _2}$ is

Two capacitors, each having capacitance $40 \mu F$ are connected in series The space between one of the capacitors is filled with dielectric material of dielectric constant $K$ such that the equivalence capacitance of the system became $24 \mu F$ The value of $K$ will be :

Two equal capacitors are first connected in series and then in parallel. The ratio of the equivalent capacities in the two cases will be:

A charge $Q$ is distributed over two concentric conducting thin spherical shells radii $r$ and $R$ $( R > r )$. If the surface charge densities on the two shells are equal, the electric potential at the common centre is :

A capacitor $C$ is fully charged with voltage $V _{0}$. After disconnecting the voltage source, it is connected in parallel with another uncharged capacitor of capacitance $\frac{ C }{2} .$ The energy loss in the process after the charge is distributed between the two capacitors is :