List of top Geology Questions on geochemistry of water and water-rock interaction

Consider the solubility product of barite (BaSO₄) at 25 °C and 1 bar to be 10-¹⁰. If the activities of \(Ba^{2+}\) and \(SO^{2-}_4\) ions are 0.5×10^-5 and 10^-X, respectively, then the absolute value of 'X' is ____(rounded off to one decimal place). 

The support pressure of 20 kPa is required to stabilize the loose blocks of the Excavation Disturbed Zone (EDZ) at the crown of a circular tunnel with horizontal axis. The EDZ is to be stabilized by inserting rock bolts vertically into the roof. If the working capacity of a bolt is 160 kN, the area of the roof supported by a single bolt in m² is______ (in integer).