Question

Which one of the following is the active factor of soil formation?

• A. Climate
• B. Relief
• C. Topography
• D. Time

Hint:

Soil formation factors:
- Active: Climate, Organisms.
- Passive: Parent material, Relief, Time.
- Climate is the most influential active factor.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
This question tests knowledge of the factors of soil formation.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The active factors of soil formation are climate (A) and organisms.
Climate influences soil formation through temperature and precipitation.
It affects weathering, organic matter decomposition, and leaching.
Other factors:
- Relief and Topography (B and C): Are passive factors (control drainage and erosion).
- Time (D): Is a passive factor (duration of soil formation).
Thus, climate is an active factor of soil formation.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, climate is the active factor of soil formation, which corresponds to option (A).
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