Question:

Which one of the following is a Stock Resource/factor of production?

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Resource Classification: Land = Stock (snapshot in time); Labor, Capital, Entrepreneurship = Flow (over a duration).
  • Labour
  • Working Capital
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Land
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The Correct Option is D

Approach Solution - 1

Economic resources are classified as either stock or flow:
Stock Resource: Quantified at a specific point in time. Land exemplifies a stock resource as its existence is independent of time and it is not depleted through use like labor or capital.
Flow Resource: Measured over a period. Labor (hours worked), working capital (utilized over time), and entrepreneurship (managerial effort over a duration) are examples of flow resources. Thus, only land constitutes a stock resource among the provided options.
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Approach Solution -2

Analogy-based test:
A useful test for stock versus flow is the "photograph versus movie" analogy: a stock is something you could measure by taking a snapshot at one instant, while a flow can only be measured over a stretch of time. Applying this test - Labour is measured in hours worked over a period, so it is a flow. Working Capital is capital in active use, replenished and consumed continuously, so it too is measured over a period, making it a flow. Entrepreneurship is valued through managerial effort exerted over time, again a flow.
Land, by contrast, can be measured by area at a single point in time regardless of whether it is being used that instant, which is exactly the "snapshot" test for a stock resource - confirming option (4).
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