Question

Which one is correctly matched?

• A. Carbamates - malathion
• B. Organophosphates - carbofuran
• C. Pyrethroid - parathion
• D. Organochlorine - endosulfan

Hint:

Remember the "O" and "C" rule:
Organophosphates (Malathion, Parathion) often end in "-ion" or "-os."
Carbamates (Carbofuran, Carbaryl) usually start with "Carb-."
Organochlorines (Endosulfan, DDT) are characterized by high environmental persistence.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks to identify the correct pairing between a chemical class of pesticides and a specific pesticide example.
Pesticides are classified into various chemical families based on their molecular structure and mode of action.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:

• Evaluation of Option (A):
Malathion is a widely used insecticide belonging to the Organophosphate group.
It works by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase at synaptic junctions.
Carbamates are a different class (e.g., Carbaryl). Thus, this pair is incorrect.

• Evaluation of Option (B):
Carbofuran (commonly known by the trade name Furadan) is a systemic insecticide and nematicide belonging to the Carbamate group.
Organophosphates include chemicals like Dimethoate or Monocrotophos. Thus, this pair is incorrect.

• Evaluation of Option (C):
Parathion is a highly toxic, legacy insecticide belonging to the Organophosphate group.
Pyrethroids are synthetic versions of natural pyrethrins (e.g., Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin). Thus, this pair is incorrect.

• Evaluation of Option (D):
Endosulfan is a broad-spectrum insecticide and acaricide that belongs to the Organochlorine group (specifically the cyclodiene subgroup).
Other famous organochlorines include DDT, BHC, and Lindane.
Although many organochlorines are banned due to environmental persistence, Endosulfan fits this chemical classification perfectly.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The only correctly matched pair is Organochlorine - endosulfan.