Question:
Which of the following innovative penal measures has been officially incorporated into the sentencing framework under Section 4 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023?
Which of the following innovative penal measures has been officially incorporated into the sentencing framework under Section 4 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023?
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BNS 2023 = Community Service. This is a major reformative step aimed at decongesting jails for minor offenses by substituting custodial sentences with service to society.
Updated On: Jul 13, 2026
- Solitary confinement
- Life imprisonment without the possibility of parole
- Compulsory forfeiture of ancestral property
- Community Service
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The Correct Option is D
Approach Solution - 1
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, modernizes the penal framework in India by introducing restorative justice principles alongside traditional retributive punishments.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- Section 4 of the BNS, 2023, specifically lists the punishments to which offenders are liable under the Sanhita.
- For the first time in Indian criminal law, "Community Service" has been explicitly included as a form of punishment, specifically for petty offenses, reflecting a shift toward reformative rather than purely punitive justice.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Community Service is the innovative penal measure incorporated in the BNS. Option (D) is correct.
The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, modernizes the penal framework in India by introducing restorative justice principles alongside traditional retributive punishments.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- Section 4 of the BNS, 2023, specifically lists the punishments to which offenders are liable under the Sanhita.
- For the first time in Indian criminal law, "Community Service" has been explicitly included as a form of punishment, specifically for petty offenses, reflecting a shift toward reformative rather than purely punitive justice.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Community Service is the innovative penal measure incorporated in the BNS. Option (D) is correct.
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Approach Solution -2
Section 4 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 lists the punishments an offender can be made to suffer, and the question asks which of the listed measures is the genuinely new one introduced by this Sanhita. Each option needs to be checked against what actually existed before and what Section 4 newly brings in.
- Solitary confinement: Solitary confinement was already recognised as a punishment under the old Indian Penal Code, so it is not something the BNS introduced for the first time.
- Life imprisonment without the possibility of parole: Life imprisonment itself is a long-standing punishment under Indian criminal law, and the BNS does not introduce a wholly new category called life imprisonment without parole as a distinct listed punishment.
- Compulsory forfeiture of ancestral property: Forfeiture of property has historical roots in Indian criminal law and is not framed by Section 4 as a fresh, reform-oriented measure tied specifically to ancestral property.
- Community Service: Community Service appears in Section 4 as a punishment for the first time in India's general criminal code, reflecting a shift toward reformative justice for petty offences rather than pure retribution.
Only Community Service represents a punishment newly incorporated by Section 4 rather than a measure carried over from the earlier law.
Therefore, the correct answer is Community Service.
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