What are the genotypes breeder will use in his trial for estimation of standard heterosis?
Show Hint
- Parental genotypes and hybrids
- Parental genotype and commercial released hybrid
- Developed F1 hybrid only
- F1 hybrid developed and commercial hybrid check
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Heterosis (hybrid vigor) is quantified relative to different genetic benchmarks.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The types of heterosis estimates are:
1. Mid-Parent Heterosis: Superiority of $F_1$ hybrid over the average of the two parents $\left(\frac{P_1 + P_2}{2}\right)$.
2. Heterobeltiosis (Better-Parent Heterosis): Superiority of $F_1$ hybrid over the better inbred parent (BP).
3. Standard Heterosis (Economic Useful Heterosis): Superiority of the newly developed $F_1$ experimental hybrid over the best prevailing commercial hybrid check/control variety in multi-location evaluation trials:
\[\text{Standard Heterosis (\%)} = \frac{F_1 - \text{Check}}{\text{Check}} \times 100\]
Step 3: Final Answer:
Therefore, the breeder evaluates the developed $F_1$ hybrid and the commercial hybrid check.
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