Question

Two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are given below. Read them carefully and select the correct option :
Assertion (A) : Asoka was the first ruler who inscribed his messages to his subjects on stone surfaces and pillars.
Reason (R) : Asoka ensured that the message of dhamma reached as many people as possible.

• A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
• B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
• C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
• D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Hint:

• Ashoka used the Prakrit language for the majority of his inscriptions to reach common people.
• James Prinsep was the scholar who first deciphered Ashoka's Brahmi script in 1837.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Concept:

• Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan Empire revolutionized state communication by using epigraphy to speak directly to his people.
• He formulated a set of ethical codes known as 'Dhamma' which emphasized non-violence, mutual respect, and social harmony.
• The medium of stone (rocks and pillars) was chosen for its permanence and public accessibility.

Step 1: Evaluating the Assertion regarding the medium of communication
Before Ashoka, there is no significant evidence of Indian monarchs using stone inscriptions for public edicts on such a massive scale.
Ashoka used polished sandstone pillars and natural rock surfaces across his vast empire to engrave his royal decrees.
This makes Assertion (A) historically accurate as he was indeed the pioneer of this method in the Indian subcontinent.

Step 2: Determining the link between the medium and the objective
Ashoka's goal was the widespread dissemination of Dhamma to maintain social order and peace.
By placing these inscriptions in public places like market squares, pilgrim sites, and along major trade routes, he maximized the visibility of his message.
The use of durable stone ensured the message would last, and the choice of local scripts (Brahmi, Kharosthi) ensured people could understand it.
Therefore, the need to reach the masses (Reason) explains why he chose the innovative and durable method of stone inscriptions (Assertion).