Transfer of DNA from one bacterial cell to another by cell-to-cell contact is known as
Show Hint
- Transformation
- Conjugation
- Transduction
- Translocation
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Bacteria exchange genetic information horizontally through three fundamental mechanisms: transformation, conjugation, and transduction.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Conjugation (discovered by Joshua Lederberg and Edward Tatum in 1946) is the direct transfer of plasmid or chromosomal genetic material from a donor bacterium ($F^+$) to a recipient bacterium ($F^-$) mediated through physical cell-to-cell contact via a specialized sex pilus (conjugation bridge).
Transformation involves uptake of naked environmental DNA, and transduction is mediated by bacteriophages.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, DNA transfer via physical cell contact is called conjugation.
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