Question

The 'Treaty of Seringapatam' was signed after which of the following Anglo-Mysore Wars?

• A. First Anglo-Mysore War
• B. Second Anglo-Mysore War
• C. Third Anglo-Mysore War
• D. Fourth Anglo-Mysore War

Hint:

Remember the sequence of major Anglo-Mysore War treaties: 1st War \(\rightarrow\) Treaty of Madras (1769) 2nd War \(\rightarrow\) Treaty of Mangalore (1784) 3rd War \(\rightarrow\) Treaty of Seringapatam (1792) This chronology is frequently asked in history examinations.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: The Anglo-Mysore Wars were four major military conflicts fought between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company during the second half of the eighteenth century. These wars played a crucial role in determining British dominance in South India. Each war ended with a separate treaty that reflected the military and political situation prevailing at that time. To answer this question correctly, it is important to understand the sequence of the Anglo-Mysore Wars and the treaties associated with them.

Step 1: Understanding the First Anglo-Mysore War (1767--1769). The First Anglo-Mysore War was fought between Hyder Ali and the British East India Company. Hyder Ali successfully challenged British forces and advanced close to Madras. As a result, the British were compelled to sign: \[ \boxed{\text{Treaty of Madras (1769)}} \] Therefore, the Treaty of Seringapatam was not associated with the First Anglo-Mysore War. Hence, Option (A) is incorrect.

Step 2: Understanding the Second Anglo-Mysore War (1780--1784). The Second Anglo-Mysore War began under the leadership of Hyder Ali and later continued under his son Tipu Sultan after Hyder Ali's death. Neither side secured a decisive victory. The war concluded with: \[ \boxed{\text{Treaty of Mangalore (1784)}} \] This treaty restored the status quo between the two powers. Therefore, Option (B) is incorrect.

Step 3: Understanding the Third Anglo-Mysore War (1790--1792). The Third Anglo-Mysore War was fought between Tipu Sultan and a powerful alliance consisting of:

• The British East India Company.

• The Marathas.

• The Nizam of Hyderabad.
Governor-General Lord Cornwallis led the British campaign against Mysore. After a series of military defeats and the siege of Seringapatam, Tipu Sultan was forced to negotiate peace. The war ended with the: \[ \boxed{\text{Treaty of Seringapatam (1792)}} \] Under the terms of this treaty:

• Tipu Sultan surrendered nearly half of his territory.

• A large war indemnity had to be paid.

• Two of Tipu Sultan's sons were handed over as hostages until the payment was completed.
Therefore, the Treaty of Seringapatam was signed after the Third Anglo-Mysore War.

Step 4: Understanding the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1799). The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War ended with the death of Tipu Sultan during the defense of Seringapatam. Following his death:

• Mysore lost its independence.

• British influence became dominant in South India.

• A subsidiary alliance system was introduced.
However, no Treaty of Seringapatam was signed after this war. Therefore, Option (D) is incorrect.

Step 5: Final conclusion. The Treaty of Seringapatam was signed in 1792 after the conclusion of the Third Anglo-Mysore War. \[ \boxed{\text{Treaty of Seringapatam} \rightarrow \text{Third Anglo-Mysore War}} \] Therefore, the correct answer is: \[ \boxed{\text{(C) Third Anglo-Mysore War}} \]