Question

The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage.
The rural-urban continuum and the heterogeneity of urban settings pose an obvious challenge to identifying urban areas and measuring urbanization rates in a consistent way within and across countries. An objective methodology for distinguishing between urban and rural areas that is based on one or two metrics with fixed thresholds may not adequately capture the wide diversity of places. A richer combination of criteria would better describe the multifaceted nature of a city’s function and its environment, but the joint interpretation of these criteria may require an element of human judgment.

• A. The difficulty of accurately identifying urban areas means that we need to create a rich combination of criteria that can be applied to all urban areas.
• B. With the diversity of urban landscapes, measurable criteria for defining urban areas may need to be supplemented with human judgement.
• C. Current methodologies used to define urban and rural areas are no longer relevant to our being able to study trends in urbanisation.
• D. Distinguishing between urban and rural areas might call for some judgement on the objective methodology being used to define a city’s functions.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Option A is incorrect too, as the passage talks about distinguishing between urban/rural, not about accurately identifying rural areas. 
Option B is correct as it correctly captures the essence of the passage.
Option C is incorrect, as it mentions "is no longer relevant" whereas the author says may no longer be relevant. 
Option D is distorted. Judgement would be required on the richer criteria , not on the objective methodology, as mentioned in this option. 

So, the correct option is (B): With the diversity of urban landscapes, measurable criteria for defining urban areas may need to be supplemented with human judgement.