Question

The recommended method for testing the seed germination in mustard is-

• A. Sand method
• B. Top of paper method
• C. Between paper method
• D. Wet cloth method

Hint:

Small, light-sensitive seeds like Brassica (mustard) are tested using the Top of Paper (TP) method, whereas larger crop seeds are tested using the Between Paper (BP) or sand methods.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Standardized germination tests are conducted in seed testing laboratories using specific substrates, temperatures, and light regimes to optimize germination and ensure reproducible results.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) and national seed testing rules specify suitable substrates for different crop species based on seed size and physiology.
For Brassica species, including Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) and rapeseed (Brassica campestris), the recommended substrate is the Top of Paper (TP) method.
In the Top of Paper method, seeds are placed directly on the surface of one or more layers of moist filter paper or germination blotters inside Petri dishes or on open trays.
This method is preferred for mustard because:
1. Mustard seeds are small and do not require deep covering to germinate.
2. The seeds are light-sensitive or germinate better under light, and the TP method ensures exposure to the light required to trigger germination.
3. Placing seeds on top of the paper allows for easy visual monitoring of root and shoot development during evaluation.
While the Between Paper (BP) method is used for larger seeds (such as maize or peas) and the sand method is used for very large seeds or to resolve fungal contamination issues, the TP method remains the standard for small-seeded oilseeds like mustard.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Therefore, the recommended method for testing seed germination in mustard is the Top of paper method.