Question

The process of enrichment of surface water bodies with nutrients is called

• A. Eutrophication
• B. Oligotrophication
• C. Putrefaction
• D. Nutrification

Hint:

Eutrophication:
- Nutrient enrichment (N and P).
- Causes algal blooms and oxygen depletion.
- Sources: Agricultural runoff, sewage.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
This question tests knowledge of water quality processes.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Eutrophication (A) is the process of enrichment of surface water bodies with nutrients (especially nitrogen and phosphorus).
It leads to excessive algal growth (algal blooms), which depletes oxygen and harms aquatic life.
Other terms:
- Oligotrophication (B): The opposite of eutrophication (low nutrient levels).
- Putrefaction (C): Decomposition of organic matter.
- Nutrification (D): Not a standard term.
Thus, eutrophication is the nutrient enrichment process.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Thus, the enrichment of surface water bodies with nutrients is called eutrophication, which corresponds to option (A).
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